Good afternoon, my reader. Peephole budding is a method of grafting fruit trees that allows you to rejuvenate your garden at no additional cost. To carry out the procedure, you only need a high-quality bud with a shield from a varietal tree, a stock and very little time.
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Features of the procedure
Budding is a fairly popular method of grafting, in which a bud-shaped scion is inserted into an incision in the wild stock. This procedure has its advantages:
- The grafting material is used sparingly. This is especially important when it comes to expensive tree varieties.
- The procedure is very simple and takes very little time. There is no need to learn how to make bevel cuts correctly.
- The graft wound grows rather quickly: the scion grows to the stock within 25-30 days.
- In the spring, the kidney, which was used for inoculation, wakes up early and quickly begins active growth.
Often this procedure is performed when needed:
- Rejuvenate adult culture.
- Re-graft the young tree. In this case, its branches should be no more than 20 mm in thickness.
- Form a dwarf tree.
Using the budding method, you can plant any garden crops.
Budding options
There are two options for the procedure:
- sprouting eye;
- "Sleeping" eye.
They differ mainly in the time of budding, and not in the technique of its implementation.
Dates of the event
The procedure using the "sleeping" eye is performed in July. But in the southern regions of Russia, budding can be carried out until early September. During this period, the tree is actively sap flow.
If inoculated earlier than the required time, the buds of the plant can begin to germinate in the fall, which is why they will definitely die in winter. If grafting is too late, the eyes will not take root, since the sap flow will begin to slow down in the plants.
In more stable climatic conditions, inoculation is more often performed with a sprouting eye. The procedure is carried out in the spring, when the first leaves have already begun to bloom.
Description of budding
A positive result mainly depends on the competent preparation of the material. The graft and rootstock must be taken from absolutely healthy trees.
As a scion, it is most effective to take annual twigs 7-8 mm thick and about 35 cm long. They need to be cut off from the tops of the shoots of a plentifully fruiting plant. The age of the mother tree is 8-15 years. It is also important that the cuttings have a perfectly formed bud.
All leaves are removed from the cutting so that only petioles remain on it. It is important to know that only fresh workpieces can be grafted.
The procedure is performed as follows
7-10 days before the event, it is necessary to break the rootstock, remove the branch branches and the top layer of bark from the trunk. Before the operation itself, you will need to wipe the branch with a clean, damp cloth to remove any dirt that may interfere with engraftment.
On the trunk, at a height of 7-10 cm from the surface of the earth, a T-shaped cut is made.
Next, with a disinfected budding knife, it is necessary to cut off the kidney with part of the bark from the cutting. The length of this bark shield should protrude 1.5 cm on each side.
Carefully unfold the bark in the prepared rootstock cut. Then insert the shield there and press firmly.
Starting from the top, the budding wound is wrapped with strong tape. For this, you can use dense cellophane or twine. Only the kidney and the second part of the shield should remain above the bandage.
Most often, the winding is removed in early spring, when the snow has melted. But if it is too dense, then after a month it will need to be weakened.
Further care
Apple and pear are very successfully grafted. On average, about 90% of the kidneys take root, but only if all the rules and tips have been taken into account. With stone fruit trees, the situation is a little more complicated, so 3-4 vaccinations must be done at once.
After about two weeks, you need to move the harness back a little to see the condition of the shield and kidney. If the procedure is successful, the tissue of the scion will have a green tint, and the wound will begin to heal.
If the weather is hot and dry after the procedure, then you need to shade the side of the tree where the operation was performed. Otherwise, due to dry air and sunlight, the scion will not be able to take root.
If suddenly in the fall the bud starts to grow, then you need to pinch it after the formation of 3-4 leaves. This will increase the chances of a successful wintering. It is also necessary, before the onset of cold weather, to spud the tree together with the eyes by about 10 cm so that they suddenly do not freeze in winter.
Are you familiar with the vaccination method - budding with an eye?
Original articleand many other materials, you can find on ourwebsite.
You can also read about root growth in the following article:Root shoots: why it is formed and how to get rid of this problem