Many gardeners understand in what season, how competently and how long to reduce the shoots of berry bushes of various varieties. But the correct or the same type of pruning can harm crops, and then you can be left without a crop. In this article, we tried to take into account all the points. This will protect you from potential mistakes and help increase your yield.
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Currant pruning
Currant is the most famous shrub growing in the temperate zone of Russia. All types of currants are cut in different ways.
A bush of black currant has 12-15, sometimes more branches of different ages. This variety of currant bears fruit on annual branches, as well as special short generative processes - pods. Fruit branches yield up to three years, and then hardly bear fruit. A good harvest develops on the branches of the 1st and 2nd branching modes.
Black currants are pruned mainly in autumn, after the foliage has fallen. It is allowed to cut it in early spring, before the onset of the growing season. It is necessary to take into account the fact that currants begin to grow too early. In the summer, as a rule, it is not cut off.
Pruning is carried out systematically in order to cause the appearance of fresh shoots, to replace them old and ineffective branches, strengthen branching, increase the length of the branches, and also eliminate thickening. Every year, the old branches of about 5 years old and sick, broken, drying out shoots lying on the soil are removed.
When cropping, you need to consider the properties of the views. They differ in their ability to form and restore shoots, in the number of fruit clusters formed on a single flower bud. Red and white currants have the longest branch life. They will be able to bear fruit up to 8 years old, they are less exposed. The most productive are the 4-6-year-old branches. Berries grow on bouquet branches as well as short annual branches.
On a bush of red currants, there must certainly be 2-3 branches of various ages. Each year, 3-4 powerful annual shoots are retained, which will replace the aging branches to be removed. As a rule, older branches and poorly growing, thickening, lodging shoots are cut out.
It is not necessary to prune the shoots of red and white currants, it is not recommended to prune the branches of the 1st, 2nd and highest modes, this will significantly reduce the yield.
Gooseberry pruning
Gooseberry bushes differ in the structure of the bush, shoot-forming ability and other properties, it depends on the species. The crop is formed on annual shoots, as well as perennial pods, which are located on the shoots of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd branching modes. The most productive are the 4-6-year-old branches.
It is more correct to prune gooseberries in autumn or at the earliest in spring, given that a shrub in the middle lane can begin to grow in mid-late April. In the summer season (if necessary) it is allowed to carry out sanitary pruning.
During the pruning period, unnecessary, weak, weakly productive processes are eliminated. Aging branches, on which few growths appear annually, are also removed.
Pruning raspberries
Raspberries are distinguished by a two-year cycle of vegetation and branch formation, and are restored thanks to their “babies”. Two-year-old shoots bring the crop, and then they die.
Raspberries are cut in late summer, after harvest, or in the fall. In case of emergency, it is allowed to postpone this procedure to spring. In the summer season, only a pinch of annual shoots is performed.
When pruning, two-year-old fruiting shoots are eliminated and weak, as well as growing shoots are cut off. In the spring, the frozen tops of the processes are cut off to a healthy component. Pruning has a productive effect on growth, as well as the formation of berry bushes, significantly affects the yield. It is necessary to prune shrubs, taking into account the characteristics of all plants.
Do you know how to properly cut berry bushes?
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You can also read about the design of perennial flower beds in the following article:How to arrange a flower bed of perennials