Many fellow citizens have probably heard that hunting cartridges are different from combat ones. However, is it really so? What could be the difference between ammunition for rifled weapons, if the principle of action is the same and no matter what it is about: hunting for game or damaging the enemy's manpower on the battlefield. In fact, there is a difference between live and hunting cartridges and this is what it consists of.
At its core, a hunting cartridge is no different from a combat cartridge. It would be more correct to say that hunting ammunition has some specific subtleties. Moreover, many of them are also found in military ammunition. The crux of the matter is that "classic" cartridges and bullets in them, which are used to defeat enemy personnel, are not suitable for hunting game. This is expressed in the core, the presence or absence of the shell, as well as the materials used to produce the shell.
The thing is, the bullets of live ammunition most often have tungsten or steel cores, which are enclosed in an all-metal sheath. This design is necessary to ensure the maximum flight range and accuracy of hitting the striking element of the ammunition. From the dignity of "live" cartridges, their shortcomings directly result - they ricochet perfectly, and also weakly deformed at the moment of hitting the target, as a result of which they have much less damaging effect than I would like to. All this is best expressed in the fact that live bullets often lead to a through wound.
In a war, any injury (most likely) will disable the soldier, including through. Even if the wound at first glance is not severe, the pain and bleeding will prevent the soldier from further performing the combat mission. Hunting is another matter. The beast, shot through and through, most likely will not die for a long time and will run away into the jungle so that the hunter simply will not find his prey. Even worse - if the wounded animal decides to fight back the hunter.
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That is why it is customary for hunting to use cartridges with a copper core and without an all-metal shell. Also, the bullet can have a specific "diluted" or slightly blunt shape. Such ammunition is called expansive. They have the worst ballistics, but compensate for this with a simply monstrous stopping effect. An expansive bullet hit with a minimum degree of probability leads to a through wound. Much more often, such a striking element starts a "bloody mince" in the victim's body, tearing tissues and mutilating internal organs. Accordingly, the expansive ammunition is essentially a must for hunting the beast - an animal will die with a much greater probability quickly, without unnecessary suffering and will not pose a threat to hunter.
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It is noteworthy that expansive ammunition is prohibited from using in the army in accordance with international treaties. Nevertheless, such cartridges are often used by special forces and police. Including because they are less likely to ricochet and more likely to instantly neutralize the enemy.
If you want to read even more interesting things, then you can see how in Russia allowed to hunt with a bow and crossbow: what you need to know.
A source: https://novate.ru/blogs/170620/54946/