The submarine can move both on the surface of the water and dive deep into the bowels of the world's oceans. At the same time, many would probably be interested to know how the crew of the submarine behaves and what measures it takes when the submarine refuses in a sea storm. Can she go under water at such a moment, and if so, how deep should she do it?
When a storm begins, the submarine not only can, but in fact, must go under water, if the crew and the commander does not want to expose the ship under attack and fight against numerous and merciless blows waves. Departure to a sufficient depth is able to completely protect the submarine from any negative effects of a sea storm. Of course, the saving depth chosen by the commander is not some arbitrary knowledge from the head, but a strictly calculated figure. And here we need to go back to the 19th century.
In 1805, the famous Irish hydrographer Francis Beaufort developed and proposed for the general using an empirical scale that allows you to calculate wave height based on values wind speed. The initial version of the Beaufort scale was not very convenient, accurate and easy to use, and therefore over the next two decades, its creator was engaged in an active process of improving his creation. The Beaufort scale was adopted by most maritime powers only in 1830.
The scale consisted of 17 points to indicate the threat of sea waves (or their complete absence). For most situations at sea (including stormy ones) only the first 12 values of the scale were needed. The scores 13-17 were relevant only for the Pacific Ocean with its regular typhoons. The Beaufort system made it possible to calculate the speed, magnitude and strength of the waves based on the wind speed.
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So, 10 points on the Beaufort scale corresponds to a wind speed of 90-100 km / h and a wave height of 12 meters. Under these conditions, the wave will move at a speed of 55 km / h. The average wavelength will be 210 meters, and the wave propagation period will be 14 seconds. In addition, any wave propagates in a circulating manner from the surface of the water surface to its depths, gradually weakening. There will be no circulation movement created by the sea wave at a depth equal to 0.5 of the wavelength. With 10 points, this value is about 105 meters.
Thus, it turns out to calculate the required immersion depth. Under the described conditions, the submarine will have to "lie down" with the keel (lower part of the hull) to a depth of 120 meters, since the average height of combat submarines from the keel to the top of the bridge is about 15 meters.
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If you want to know even more interesting things, then you should read about why did they put a couple of guns on the submarinesif they are swimming underwater.
A source: https://novate.ru/blogs/210620/54993/