The potato is the first vegetable to our table. Every gardener wants to find the optimal way of its cultivation. But you can go on the contrary, first finding out the reasons for the low yield of potatoes in order to avoid mistakes in its cultivation.
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The list of reasons
Given the diversity of agro-climatic conditions in order to get a good harvest, in the first place you need to explore the features of climate of the district, and in accordance with the select boarding material.
The first reason is the use of crop failures of poor quality seed material. Seed tubers for mass planting should be graded and well-tested. Experiments with new varieties is best done in small plantations. But even high-quality potatoes in 5-7 years loses its taste, it also reduces reproductive opportunities, so the fund needs to be updated. Seed potatoes are usually bought in specialized shops. But it is possible to update the planting material independently, for example, to grow it from seed or tubers on selecting seed from the most productive bushes. Do it better systematically, each year changing of grades 1-2.
The second reason is incorrect selection of varieties of ripening. It is a mistake to believe that the early maturing and early varieties are cultivated only in the northern regions. They are suitable for the arid southern latitudes. It should be remembered that potatoes growth and development slows down, if the soil is warmed over 25 ° C. Early varieties ripen before the onset of drought and heat. Among these varieties have proved themselves "Nevsky", "Zhukovsky", "Impala" and others.
In regions with unstable moisture where it is difficult to predict the weather for the whole season, not be limited to varieties of the same maturity. It is better to plant in one area for several early-, mid- and late-ripening varieties. This will ensure receipt of the crop under different weather cataclysms.
The third reason - a lack of rotation. When growing potatoes in the same place deplete the soil, creates conditions for the development of pathogenic fungi and pathogens, damaging to the tubers. At one place the potatoes can be cultivated for 2-3 years. Exactly the same time, the soil should have a rest from it. However, not all parts of the area allows you to make a full rotation. In this case, planting material need to update more frequently and on a plot not to plant the same variety. Do not be amiss to regular fertilizer containing nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus. The fourth reason is the wrong determining the timing of planting culture. Early potatoes can be planted when birch buds unfold. But the medium and late varieties are planted when the soil warms up to 14ºS. Phenological calendar for this period corresponds to the period of flowering fruit trees.
Fifth reason is the strong penetration of tubers at planting. They give in this case, less germs. Therefore, the hole is better to go deeper than 8 cm, and shoots as spud growth. To avoid the six reasons to wetland areas, characteristic of the north-western regions, the tubers need to be laid on the surface and sprinkle the ground. This method is called a ridge planting. It is suitable for areas with clay and heavy loamy soils. This method increases the yield to 30%.
If you do not ignore the conclusions arising from the identified reasons, you can get 2-3 times more potatoes on the site.
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