Good afternoon, my reader. If the leaves are covered with red swelling marks, action should be taken immediately. These manifestations on the pear usually indicate the development of a dangerous fungal infection known as rust. Experienced gardeners know that this disease can be prevented and difficult to fight. Success can be achieved only when carrying out therapeutic measures after the first symptoms are detected.
Please put your likes and subscribe to the channel "About Fasenda". This will allow us to publish more interesting garden articles.
It should be borne in mind that the fungus Gymnosporangium sabinae, the causative agent of rust, has a two-year development cycle, in which it is located on two plants. The main host is different types of juniper, on which the fungus hibernates. In the spring season, around the end of April, the pear becomes infected. This fruit tree serves as an intermediate host for Gymnosporangium sabinae.
Signs of defeat
On juniper, the fungus forms mycelium, which can be detected by its characteristic beads. Teliospores develop by spring. It is these formations that cause pear infection.
As a result, the leaves, and then the branches and ripening fruits, are covered with reddish small rounded grains, which grow over time. In places of lesion, spermagonia with a finely warty surface are formed. Eciospores gradually appear on the underside of the leaf plates. They are carried by the wind to the juniper, after which the cycle repeats.
Danger of rust
The fungus Gymnosporangium sabinae can harm the pear in case of mass defeat. This is expressed in several ways:
- decrease in the intensity of photosynthesis;
- inhibition of the growth of new shoots;
- drying of the affected branches;
- falling leaves with traces of rust;
- weakening of trees;
- decrease in frost resistance, which can lead to the death of plants in winter.
Ways to fight
When growing near a juniper garden, it is recommended to periodically inspect its thickets. The shoots found affected by the fungus are cut and burned.
Activities aimed at eradicating rust on a pear include a set of procedures:
- The varieties of pears are planted, known for a fairly high resistance to the fungus Gymnosporangium sabinae. Among their list, one can note such varieties as Sakharnaya, Chizhovskaya.
- In order to save the pear, branches affected by rust must be cut off and then burned. The remaining wounds are cleaned, disinfected with copper sulfate (using a 5% solution) and covered with a special garden paste. Usually they use "Blagosad", "RanNet". You can disinfect wounds with "Heteroauxin" (0.5 g of the drug is taken for 10 liters of settled water).
- Four-fold spraying is carried out (before the buds hatch, at the stage of bud appearance, after the end of flowering and after another 10 days). Copper oxychloride is used (can be replaced with Bordeaux liquid). A working 1% solution is prepared for the procedure.
- A good result is demonstrated by the drug "Raek" - 2 ml / 10 l, as well as "Skor" - 1.5 ml / 10 l. Irrigate pear plantings before the leaves open, before the beginning and end of the flowering period.
- A good effect is obtained thanks to organic feeding. Requires 500 g of wood ash, which is kept for 2 days in a 10-liter container of water. And they also prepare a product based on slurry. Dilute it at the first stage 1: 2. After two weeks of infusion, dilute the infusion again with water in a ratio of 1: 2. Under an adult tree, which is already actively bearing fruit, 10 liters of organic matter are introduced. For young plants, the amount of feeding is 4-6 liters.
- A five-time treatment with colloidal sulfur will help to cope with rust, on the basis of which a 0.4 percent solution is prepared. Spraying pears is required before the development of leaves, at the stage of the beginning and end of active flowering, during the fruiting period, as well as after leaf fall.
Comprehensive scheme for dealing with rust on pear trees
A good result can be achieved if the systemic selection of drugs that can destroy not only a dangerous fungal infection, but also concomitant diseases.
Table. Recommended anti-rust treatment scheme
Period Preparations Application At the stage of the beginning and end of flowering "Skor" (2 ml / 10 l) and "Fitolavin" (20 ml / 10 l), which helps to suppress the development of bacteria that appear simultaneously with fungi Spray the crowns with a solution of "Skor", and a day later apply "Fitolavin" May-June Additional drugs will be required to help not only against fungal infection, but also coping with scab, moniliosis: "Abiga-Peak" (50 ml / 10 l), "Racurs" (4 ml / 5 l), "HOM" (30 g / 10 l). it is recommended to first dilute completely in 200 ml of water, and then bring to the required volume End of August "Skor" + "Phytolavin" Re-treatment Second decade October "Revus" (6 ml / 5 l). Promotes not only the destruction of the fungus, but also increases the immunity of plants Spray abundantly the crown of all pear trees
The fight against rust on garden pears can take several years. It is important to conduct it purposefully and systematically, as well as to comply with the recommended preventive measures.
Do you know how to deal with rust on a pear?
Original articleand many other materials, you can find on ourwebsite.
How to prune trees in winter read the following article:Rules for pruning carried out in the winter in the garden