Today we are not talking about which gasoline is better or worse. A huge number of different brands of fuel are produced in the world. At the same time, the fuel designation indices for many motorists remain a mystery. It's time to figure out what is the difference between fuels and why it is so important. For example, let's take AI-92 and AI-95 gasolines, which are the most common.
The numbers attributed to the letter designation of the fuel are the octane number of the gasoline. The higher the number in the index, the higher the octane number in the fuel, that is, the better its anti-knock properties. The octane number is used only when referring to fuels for internal combustion engines with external mixture formation. This, in turn, means that the index is not used in the labeling of aviation kerosene or diesel fuel.
Commercial gasoline must have an octane number in the range of 70-95 points. The maximum indicator is equal to 100 points. However, there is an extended octane scale that contains values above 100. These types of gasoline can be obtained with the addition of complex anti-knock additives, but they are all either highly specialized (for racing cars) or experimental. Such varieties do not go on sale due to the high cost of production.
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It is important to understand what the anti-knock properties of gasoline are. The higher the octane number, the less gasoline is prone to explosions (detonation). Detonation in the engine ends especially badly, since it accelerates the wear of the piston group, valves, spark plugs and can even lead to complete breakdown of the power unit. All injection engines have a special knock sensor that should track such unwanted explosions and transmit a signal to the electronic control unit. When knocking occurs, the latter changes the ignition timing and the composition of the mixture. But it is not always possible to completely neutralize the negative effects of low-octane fuel.
Thus, the higher the gasoline index, the better it is. Many of the modern turbo engines are no longer capable of using even the AI-95, since for them it detonates too actively, and they require AI-98 and AI-100 gasoline.
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If you want to know even more interesting things, then find out about 5 habits of motoriststhat destroy the car.
A source: https://novate.ru/blogs/170720/55338/