Good afternoon, my reader. Harvesting an impressive tomato crop is not easy. It is impossible to do with just planted healthy seedlings on time. The culture is quite whimsical, it requires a comfortable existence and compliance with all stages of agricultural technology.
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Bush formation
Tomatoes are formed in 1-2, less often 3 trunks, depending on the type of bush:
- Superdeterminate varieties are the shortest. They have limited growth and few stepchildren; there are only 3 brushes on the main stem. To increase the yield, leave 1-2 of the lowest shoots.
- Determinant. In the open field, they are almost always formed into 1 stem, so the stepsons are removed. 3-6 brushes will form on it, which will have time to mature over the summer. If the tomatoes are planted in a greenhouse, where the heat will last much longer, then 2 lower strong shoots can be left.
- Indeterminate. A type of bush with unlimited growth, which means that they are formed only into 1 stem. The first brush is laid over 8-12 leaves. Any stepson, who is left to replace the main stem, will not have time to give a full increase in yield, but will only load the plant. On such bushes, extra brushes are also removed. An unlimited number of them are also formed on the endlessly growing stem, therefore, the bottom 5 brushes are left in the open ground, and 7-8 are enough in the greenhouse.
The removal of stepchildren (axillary lateral shoots) is required to regulate the green mass so that the tomato does not grow uncontrollably to the detriment of the crop. In addition, extra shoots thicken the bush, take food and water for themselves, reduce airflow and increase the risk of spreading diseases. Then the chances of pouring large fruits into the brush increase dramatically.
As soon as stepchildren appear, they are simply plucked out. If they outgrow (more than 5 cm), then cut off with scissors or secateurs. In this case, a rather large wound remains and it will take much longer to heal. It is more reasonable to carry out the procedure in the morning, so that the cut site has time to dry out in the sun and weather. Be sure to leave a stump of 2 cm so that the new stepson does not grow up in this place. With the complete removal of the shoot, other dormant buds will wake up in the same sinus, which will release new stepsons.
Old leaves are trimmed periodically. Important metabolic processes and photosynthesis no longer take place in them, and food continues to be consumed, moreover, they become a breeding ground for diseases. Removing the foliage will improve the ventilation of the plantings and redirect the forces to the fruits.
If the lower fruits touch the ground, straw, sawdust and other rotten flat material are placed under them.
Top dressing, pinching, harvesting
Stimulates early harvest by spraying with urea solution every 7-10 days. For 10 liters of water, 1 tsp is enough. l. substances, or replace it with the same amount of calcium nitrate.
If tomatoes are watered regularly, but the foliage massively changes color to yellow-green, then this is due to a lack of nitrogen. Immediately start feeding with urea, ammonium sulfate or potassium nitrate.
In large-fruited tomatoes, pinch the tops of the stems in the middle of the season. This measure activates fruit ripening.
The crop is harvested every 2-5 days and try not to overexpose it on the bushes to avoid spoilage. With high humidity and temperature changes, the risks of fruit rot and other fungal diseases increase. They try to harvest the entire volume of the crop until the moment when the temperature drops to +5 ° C at night. In the middle lane, the last tomatoes are picked in mid-August.
Garter, ovary enlargement, organic influence
Bushes are tied to pegs, trellises and trellises. Whatever the support, it must withstand the maximum weight of the bush with fruits.
The first method is popular in the open field, since there you can approach the bush from several sides. In greenhouses, they are tied to a trellis located at the top of the structure. The grating method is also suitable for greenhouses. The wire is pulled under the ceiling and tomatoes are tied to it.
Organics have a positive effect on the formation and filling of new fruits. Mullein solution is added monthly:
- manure is diluted in water in a ratio of 1: 5;
- insist 2 weeks under the lid;
- before use, dilute the mixture in water at a rate of 1: 2.
500 g of liquid is poured onto the wet root zone of the bush.
Do you know how to increase the yield of tomatoes?
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How to care for tomatoes, read the following article:Secrets of competent tomato care