Agree, a rose is beautiful in itself and does not need additional decorations - red, yellow, white spots and specks. Therefore, if the leaves of the rose are nevertheless covered with a multi-colored bloom, the plant should be carefully examined - suddenly the shrub suffers from a fungal or viral infection and needs your help. Let's learn how to recognize the "handwriting" of various diseases and pests and find out how to deal with them.
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Fungal diseases
Brown spots
With brown spots with a black border, the leaves of the rose are painted with brown spot. The development of the disease is facilitated by an increase in temperature and humidity.
It is possible that the infected plant is fighting other enemies - who exactly can be found out by observing the leaves of the rose for several days. If the brown formations darken and turn into a solid black spot, we can safely say that the shrub has become a victim of black spot (marssonina). This fungal disease "loves" the coolness and dampness, plants are most often affected in early June or the second half of summer.
If the brown spots fade in the center over time, it can be assumed that you are dealing with a septoria spot or a grayish spot (cercospora).
The appearance of brown spots may also indicate the defeat of the rose by phyllosticosis or pestalozzi.
White spots
A pattern of white spots covers the shoots of a rose when a shrub infects a mushroom. Sphaerotheca pannosa - the causative agent of powdery mildew. Together with the leaves, the buds and branches of the infected plant turn white. The plaque can resemble an air sponge or crumpled cobweb, initially light, it darkens over time and acquires a grayish-brown color.
Powdery mildew damage causes the leaves of the rose to curl. Among other troubles that unlucky gardeners have to face, first of all, we should mention the weakening of the plant's immunity and the decrease in its frost resistance.
The causative agent of powdery mildew likes dampness, contributes to the development of the disease and a lack of nutrients in the soil. Excess nitrogen, as well as thickening of the plantings, can also lead to the defeat of the plant by a fungal disease.
Rusty stains
The cause of the formation of reddish-yellow spots is the defeat of the rose with rust. This disease develops slowly - the first signs can be noticed in spring, when clots of fungal spores begin to "stick" to the reverse side of the leaf plates. Over time, the leaves become covered with yellowish spots. If the plant gets sick in the summer or early autumn, the formations are painted in a darker, reddish-brown color.
The defeat of the bush with rust leads to metabolic and water balance disorders. Diseased plants can also stunt growth and development. Even if this does not happen, you will notice a significant decrease in growth - the formation of new shoots.
The causative agent of a fungal disease "loves" wet weather, while drought, on the other hand, can prevent the spread of fungal spores.
Methods of dealing with fungal diseases
The branches that have fallen victim to the fungus must be cut off and burned, after that, you can start treating the rose bush with fungicides. It is recommended to use preparations "Topaz", "Skor" and "Chistotsvet" containing penconazole and difenoconazole. Processing should be carried out in the evening after sunset - exposure to direct sunlight can nullify all the work. Before you spray the seedlings with fungicides, the flower bed must be watered abundantly.
For prevention purposes, the rose should be regularly sprayed with 0.3% solutions of potassium nitrate and superphosphate extracts. In spring, the soil should be treated with a 3% solution of ferrous sulfate.
Home remedies can also be used. The shrub will provide reliable protection against fungal diseases with a solution prepared from 200 grams of laundry soap and 20 grams of copper sulfate, diluted in 10 liters of water.
White specks on the surface of the leaves
Rose leaves are covered with small white spots and specks after the "visit" of the rose leafhopper. This voracious insect settles on the back of the leaf and feeds on its tender pulp.
If you notice traces of the presence of an uninvited guest, gently shake the branches of the rose - the leafhopper will immediately jump off or fly away. After that, the plant should be treated with an industrial insecticide - you can use, for example, the drug "Aktara".
Yellow spots
The leaves of the rose are covered with yellow spots due to a lack of iron and potassium. In this case, the veins most often remain green. Over time, the leaves completely turn yellow, and then completely darken and acquire a lilac hue. Until this happens, the plant should be fed with potash fertilizers diluted with water at the rate of 1 tablespoon of the drug per 10 liters of liquid. You can use potassium magnesium or potassium sulfate. It is also necessary to make up for the lack of iron in the soil - the complex fertilizer "Kemira Universal" can easily cope with this task.
If the yellow specks mainly cover the lower leaves of the plant, it's time to sound the alarm - most likely the rose bush fell victim to the mosaic virus. A diseased plant should be dug up to avoid contamination of its neighbors.
Red spots
Rose leaves are covered with red spots due to a lack of nitrogen, magnesium and phosphorus. Superphosphate, magnesium sulfate, wood ash infusion and urea solution will help to fill the lack of these nutrients.
Especially bright crimson and purple spots can be sunburn. If you find such formations, simply transplant the rose to a new location or cover it from the sun with a spunbond or an old umbrella.
Do your roses often have painful spots?
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