Each owner is deeply interested in ensuring that the prepared concrete for repair or construction work is as strong as possible, has served faithfully for at least 10 years. However, modern products often raise more questions than bring joy in the end. In order for the head not to ache for the strength of the structure, it is necessary to follow one proven recipe. With it, the concrete will be like from a factory.
The quality of the concrete mix directly depends on the concrete preparation technology. Many owners unknowingly violate the production technology, which leads to a radical drop in strength. The first and main mistake is adding water in small portions while stirring the composition. The problem is that excess water increases the porosity of the concrete and thus reduces its quality. In fact, for the hydration process (the reaction of cement and water), the proportion of water by weight of the cement should not exceed 30%.
In addition, there is an indicator of water-cement ratio. It is equal to the ratio of the mass of water to the mass of cement. For different concrete products, this coefficient has different meanings. For example, for floor slabs - 0.55 points, for paving slabs - 0.45, and for a foundation - no more than 0.75. As a result, the less permeable concrete is, the longer it will last. Accordingly, the water permeability decreases along with the decrease in porosity. In addition, the strength of concrete is controlled by the compressive strength of the mortar, which depends on the cement-sand ratio.
Each grade of concrete has its own specific water-cement ratio. The higher its value, the more difficult it is to mix concrete. One way or another, in the preparation of the mixture, everything dances precisely from the VC indicator. In order for the concrete to turn out strong and durable, five simple rules must be followed.
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Rule one - to maintain the correct VC value, special plasticizers should be added to the mixture. They increase the flowability and mobility of concrete without increasing its porosity.
Second rule - all components used in the work must be clean: tools and containers - washed, sand - sifted, crushed stone - washed, water must be clean, and clay must not contain debris and shells.
Third rule - All components should be thoroughly mixed. It is recommended to mix them for the first time in the drum of the concrete mixer without water.
Rule four - using a special tool. It is strongly recommended to use a vibrating screed, which will compact the mixture in the proper way and remove all excess air at the same time.
The fifth rule - taking care of the mixture. After laying it, it is strongly recommended to cover the mixture with a vapor barrier material, which is poured with water once a day.
If you want to know even more interesting things, then you should read about 8 repair tricksthat are of little use in reality.
A source: https://novate.ru/blogs/100421/58536/
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