Faced with the criminal chronicle, citizens now and then hear concepts like a pre-trial detention center, a colony, a prison, a detention center, a special detention center. Obviously, all of the above are not synonymous. Although for a person who does not know the topic, it becomes absolutely not clear how a colony differs from a prison, and some special detention center from a pre-trial detention center? Well, let's try to understand the issue without unnecessary constructions.
1. SIZO
Let's start with the pre-trial detention center, since citizens most often hear about it. SIZO stands for "Detention Facility". Already by the full name, you can independently guess that this institution is used for keeping citizens under investigation: accused and suspected, who are in "development" and waiting court. Pre-trial detention centers also temporarily hold prisoners who are already incarcerated if they are transported from one place of deprivation to another. In addition, already convicted prisoners may be kept in the pre-trial detention center for chores.
2. IVS
Next we have a temporary detention facility or "Temporary Detention Facility". Previously, the ITT was also called the KPZ - "Chamber of Preliminary Detention". The temporary detention center contains those who are suspected or accused of committing a crime. What is the difference from the SIZO? In two things. The first pre-trial detention center is most often a separate complex, while the temporary detention center can be located inside the police or border service building. The second pre-trial detention center is subordinate to the Federal Penitentiary Service (Federal Name Execution Service), and the IVS is subordinate to the Ministry of Internal Affairs. In the future, as the case develops, a person is always transferred from a temporary detention center to a pre-trial detention center.
3. special detention center
Everything is extremely simple here. The detention center is an institution located in the department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and used to keep those who have committed administrative offenses for which administrative arrest is due. In the case of Russia, the minimum period of arrest is 12 days, the maximum is 30 days. Citizens who have received such a punishment are sent to special detention centers.
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4. Prison
In colloquial speech, citizens call any place of deprivation of liberty a prison. However, from the point of view of the law, everything is not so simple. Prison is the most cruel form of keeping people deprived of their liberty. The most stringent rules and regulations apply here, because people are sent to prisons only for serious crimes. To go to prison, the term of criminal punishment according to Russian laws must be at least 5 years. People convicted of especially serious crimes, including terrorism, especially dangerous recidivist criminals are sent here. A prison is always a separate building, less often a complex of buildings occupying a relatively small area. Most often, people are simply sitting in prison, as they should be tritely isolated from society.
5. The colony
With colonies, everything is much more complicated. The regimes of keeping in colonies differ greatly depending on the type of this colony. However, in general and in general, colonies are softer than prisons. Each type of colony deserves separate consideration:
High security colony closest to the prison, it contains citizens who have committed serious and especially serious crimes for the first time. Not too dangerous recidivists can also be placed here.
Special regime colony - in fact, a kind of strict regime. Those who have committed a relapse of a serious crime or those who are serving a life sentence are sent here.
General regime colony - here are those who have committed serious crimes for the first time, as well as those who have committed light and medium crimes, and also those who have committed crimes through negligence.
Educational colonies – special colonies for minors.
It is also important to emphasize that in each colony there is a division according to the forms of detention, even in a strict regime. Convicts live in dormitories under normal conditions. Those sentenced to strict detention are locked in cells. The type of colony and the form of detention also determine the number of possible meetings with relatives, phone calls, parcels, etc. Unlike a prison, a colony is, in fact, a closed settlement, on the territory of which, among other things, there may be various institutions such as shops, production lines, cultural institutions.
Separately, it should be noted settlement colonies. These are places of detention for criminals convicted of crimes of minor or medium gravity. In the KP, prisoners can move freely from wake-up to lights-out; here it is allowed to wear civilian clothes, carry money with them and use it without restrictions. In some cases, it is even allowed to live with the family on the territory of such a colony. There is no security here as such, there is only the supervision of the administration and a ban on leaving the territory of the settlement.
If you want to know even more interesting things, then you should read about 5 delusions, which only harm when dealing with the police.
Source: https://novate.ru/blogs/020522/62882/