The autumn season - the season of chrysanthemums. It flowers with a slightly bitter flavor and beautiful flowers can be created for each one of us a good mood. Through this chrysanthemums in autumn are moved from the shelves at the portions and gardeners on the windows of our living spaces. Those who gave a potted chrysanthemum, often think that the plant will not survive long, and when winter comes, the flowers wither, and they will have to throw out. In fact, the chrysanthemum is able to be at home more than a year! It should be understood that when they get cold, the flower will not disappear, but only asleep. Create the necessary plant environment, and it can easily survive the winter.
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What Chrysanthemums can be grown at home?
"Behavior" chrysanthemum is often unpredictable. However, they can easily grow in my room. Use for this purpose such types of chrysanthemums, such as:
- Indian;
- garden (China);
- Korean;
- grandiflora.
All these plants are called garden chrysanthemums. Each has distinctive features, but caring for them requires almost the same.
Chrysanthemums that are grown in the home, also called "Chrysanthemum Mix". You can also hear the name of the "Oaks". So how to take care of all the roses in the room conditions need practically the same, can not particularly go into detail on the differences between various types of them from each other.
Most often, for the home environment they prefer small chrysanthemum varieties growth.
What to look for when buying a potted chrysanthemum?
When you are choosing chrysanthemum note that the plant was lignified lower part of the stems. Limp, grayish or yellow leaves indicate that the Chrysanthemum is weak and can not even spend the winter in comfort.
It happens that the leaves look healthy, but if you carefully examine the underside of the sheet, you can see a thin web. This means that the plant was attacked by spider mites.
It is better to provide that to the chrysanthemum, which you acquire, it was as little flowers that are already open. Ideally, if the blockage is almost buds peek out only parts drop petals.
Autumn cold is not terrible potted plants, but they might suffer during the primary frost. Do not get frostbitten chrysanthemum at low rates. Their flowers may look healthy, but out of the corner of leaves "droop", leaves them are dark in color, and a few days later may dry out completely.
Sellers will be assured that the cold conditions for chrysanthemums helpful. Remember that frozen plants can not survive the winter, you can buy them only as a bunch at once.
Do I need to transplant chrysanthemum potting after purchase?
We bought the plant is bound to have a few stocks of fertilizer, operating a long time. This lack of stock before the summer season. However, the pot is small, so replace it with a larger capacity and add new soil. You can add garden soil with river sand and wood ash.
Using ready-peat slightly acidic or neutral soil is also possible to add perlite.
When purchased the plant would get out of the container, it may be that there is not a chrysanthemum, and more. "Bouquet" they bloom in the container for a longer time than just plucked flowers. If they do not divide, as a perennial chrysanthemums will not be able to survive. Dense planting - not for them, even in the area (of any containers, and not worth mentioning). In such cases, remove the extra chrysanthemum leave one, or they are separated and planted in a different capacity.
Do not rush to replant the flowers in the event that you have purchased chrysanthemum flowers do not have disclosed all. At the stage of formation of buds chrysanthemum particularly vulnerable. Wait until the flowers unfold first, and repot the plant.
How to care for chrysanthemum during flowering?
Pay attention to the maximum of chrysanthemum that she had lived in the home for several years. Remember that this garden plant, whose life began in a greenhouse with special temperature and light conditions.
These flowers are grown using retardants that slow the growth of stems, accelerate the flowering process and change the physiology of the chrysanthemum.
Keep this in mind and do not brew tea from the petals of chrysanthemums that are purchased in stores and garden centers.
If you grow a chrysanthemum themselves from seeds, cuttings or young shoots, the plant is much easier to get used to living in the home. The smell of these flowers is much more pleasant and stronger than from store-bought.
Choosing a place for pot chrysanthemums in the house
The first step is the appearance of this flower at home you need to choose plants for a place that will be covered well enough. Most suitable lighting direct morning and evening sun, and bright ambient light.
The very first day of the sun's rays can adversely affect the plant, so watch out on them Chrysanthemum (you can temporarily move the plant away from the windows). Otherwise buds under the influence of the hot rays of the sun fade and open, unable to fully blossom.
temperature conditions
Provide cool flowering plants. Most suitable for chrysanthemum temperature in the area of 18 °, but not more than 20 ° C. Often ventilate the room.
Watering
The soil should not be overdried, chrysanthemums have surface roots are branched. Water the plant in the morning. If watering is not enough, stems odrevesneyut, pomelchayut, the leaves fade. But keep in mind that the Chrysanthemum not like stagnant water.
Removing the flowers fade
Timely remove the flowers that have faded, do not wait until they dry up. If the buds on the flower too much, remove the small buds, so chrysanthemum is not weakened.
Mulching
Mulch the soil. You can use dried pomelchennuyu peppermint and wormwood. So you protect the plants from pests.
feeding
Feed the plant once a week. Use the integrated universal fertilizer and special fertilizer for flowering houseplants.
When to send the chrysanthemum bed
Faded remaining flowers, shrub fades, the leaves become a little sluggish. When the plant is left of buds, then it's time chrysanthemum "stack" to sleep.
In today's world to change the calendar dates that give to know when to bloom chrysanthemum. In October, you can buy zatsvetshie chrysanthemums with large flowers, and yet they - late-. Upper buds of chrysanthemums unfold in November, finished blooming in December and January. However, when such a chrysanthemum "helped" to bloom early stage of rest it is quite possible to start in November.
Korean chrysanthemum bloom quite a long time in the open ground, in accordance with a term that corresponds to that grade. Very early blooming chrysanthemum "Malchish-Kibalchish". In July, the flowers begin to open them. August falls apogee of flowering chrysanthemums as "first snow". Chrysanthemums "Altgold", "Snow White" bloom after all (till the frost).
If the plants are grown at home, the timing of when they bloom, will move. If the right conditions to organize content in the home potted chrysanthemums to bloom, they will be able to up to 2 months. November-December - rest time.
Wintering indoor potted chrysanthemums
When chrysanthemum withered, cut off the stems (at a height of 5 cm from the ground) and remove the weak and unnecessary branches. The most suitable place "hibernation" - balcony (loggia) with temperature control three to five degrees Celsius.
Slightly moisten the soil (1 every 2-3 weeks). Allowed to leave the container with plants in the basement, which does not freeze (root seedlings should be removed). Not to rot there, in the basement of adequate ventilation. Moisten topsoil 1 every 3 weeks.
Before the plant to remove the basement or in a cool place, partially remove the top layer of soil and sand backfill into the container, peat and wood ash. It is possible to pour the mixture on top of such a powder from the dried leaves of peppermint.
Potted chrysanthemums begin to grow in March. Therefore it is time to transplant the plant into a container larger than the previous one and move it to a cool place (15 degrees Celsius), which is well lit and ventilated constantly.
The root shoots (thin pinkish "shoots" with small scales) may appear in a cold dark room. Do not break off her. Remove the plant, moisten the soil and place in a cool, bright room. "Sprouts" are devoid of chlorophyll, will gradually become a normal root growth.
Diseases and pests of potted chrysanthemums
Chrysanthemums - resistant undemanding plants. However, in the indoor environment can suffer from dryness or excessive moisture in the soil, lack of light, unnecessary and excessive density fertilizer. Therefore, these plants can suffer from pests and diseases. If the plant is hit by pest or ill, successfully overwinter it will not work. Remember the basic preventive measures against diseases.
You can be useful garlic or infusion solution, which is prepared from mustard or soap. Can enhance the confrontation of plant ailments mulching.
gray mold
The disease is a fungus Botrytis. On chrysanthemum appear gray-brown spots that spread instantly. In the center spot appears white-gray patina, becoming fluffy.
Control measures: spray the whole plant solution systemic fungicide. Re-treated plants after a week.
powdery mildew
Powdery mildew fungus is the causative agent of the disease. White patches, similar to the powder appears on the leaves at the top. Plaque torque can go to all parts of the chrysanthemum. Buds may wither, the chrysanthemum is in poor condition.
Control measures: spray the diseased portions of fungicides. If you do not want to use chemicals, it may be useful whey or buttermilk, which is diluted in warm water (they treat the whole plant in full).
Septoria Leaf Spot
Septoria fungus - pathogen. On leaves appear yellow-gray spots with irregular shape. They grow and grow, getting rusty-brown color. In the last step in various parts of specks appear black dots. Dried leaves for a long time can not fall off. The disease can develop at 20-25 degrees Celsius.
Control measures: Remove and burn the leaves, which are affected by the disease. Chrysanthemum process fungicide "oksihom" one to three times (the interval between treatments 15 days). Do not use other drugs with this tool.
Hrizantemnaya nematode
The illness is available from chrysanthemum small roundworms. The disease begins to develop on the lower leaves at a temperature range of 13-25 degrees Celsius. Yellow spots located between the veins in the sheet. The leaves will curl and turn brown. Chrysanthemum begins to grow very slowly. Time remove diseased sheets, otherwise ill plant completely. To prevent the disease nematodes need to hold more frequent mulching.
Control measures:
The use of insecticide will not help. Chrysanthemum must be immersed in hot water (45 degrees Celsius). You can also take advantage of a wet heat treatment for three to six minutes (temperature to be 55 degrees Celsius).
Common spider mite
He can multiply quickly and spread even more rapidly. At a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius and humidity 35 percent mites develop immediately. It will take quite a few days to adult mites developed from eggs.
Mite asleep, when the temperature setting is less than 12 degrees Celsius. The contents of cells - their food. Damage shall be the bottom of the leaves. Mite sucks the sap. You can see a thin web. Leaves begin to discolour, yellow, acquiring "a marble shade." Transiently may curl and fall off. The tick is a carrier of infection and spores of botrytis.
Control measures: spray infusion of onion skin, garlic; treated with a solution of soap; to resort to chemicals. Chrysanthemum spray with insecticides.
Aphid
May cover the entire chrysanthemum completely. Weakens chrysanthemum and sucks the juice. Transmission of viral diseases. Behind it is possible sooty fungus appears.
Control measures: All insecticide spray chrysanthemum "Akhtar", which is soluble in water (temperature of 25 degrees Celsius). And about three weeks the plant will be protected.
brown Jose scale
Small round insects. Settle on top of the sheet in the leaf axils, on the stems. Food for them - the plant juice. On pieces of paper appear yellow spots, which merge. Sheet plate and wring dry up, followed sick stems.
Control measures: spray the whole plant insecticide.
When you have received a gift of potting chrysanthemum or acquired it themselves, do not rush to get her after she bud. You have the opportunity to enjoy its spring awakening, and to see it bloom in summer and fall again.
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