Designing a country house a thorough process, even novice developers know all the nuances construction and obvious components of any structure: the foundation, floors, walls, windows, doors, ceiling and roof. But not everyone pays attention to another point, which is not an integral part of the house.
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Often, planning the construction of asphalt pavement around lay in the belief that it is not an urgent matter, and it can wait. But this is wrong, as wrong tab initially in the construction can result in irreversible consequences. Therefore, all you need to do in a certain sequence, especially in such an important matter as the design and construction of housing.
When you do not take care of the blind area
Often, on the discussion forums, you can stumble upon information that someone has washed away the foundation, cracks appeared at the base of the home or premises of alignment coal. In practice, often turns out that the threat comes from the groundwater to the foundation below the zero level and the soil is prone to frost heaving. But all this can be avoided if in time to take care of the protection of laying the foundation. That's what has been invented by a blind area. Thus, it is an obligatory component of most varieties of the foundation, not the whims of designers and builders. Take this very seriously!
Unknowingly developers country houses, this work is often overlooked, as they consider unnecessary or even redundant. This should not be. Foundation of the house becomes defenseless, and the building could simply fall apart over time, also very short. The destructive power of water will do the trick.
Construction of the blind area of standards
The importance of the strip of concrete or asphalt along the buildings we found, proceed to further elucidate the construction of nuances that need to know everyone who is planning to build a country house. Blind area is of two types: soft or hard. When laying the first, easy to use tile, gravel or lawn. In the second embodiment applies concrete, stone, pavement tiles, stones.
Then we bydem to consider what kind of errors can prevent novice builders in laying the blind area or another.
Slip №1. Parameters and location
Blind area should be located along the entire building and be waterproof. The length is equal to the perimeter of the construction. And what do the width? Definitely only one thing - it is in any case should not be narrow. Otherwise there will be a very bad mistake. During rainfall, even a well-designed system for collecting and draining rainwater, it is still a drop will fall down. But they should not fall to the ground. Thus, the width do of this calculation so that it was at least 20 cm wider than the eaves of the roof.
In addition, all construction parameters are clearly described. Therefore, to remind yourself forgotten, or learn something new, refer to the "norms and rules of designing complex accomplishment in the city Moscow MGSN 1.02-02 TSN 30-307-2002 ". The document contains detailed instructions: "The width of the blind area for buildings and structures is recommended to take 0.8-1.2 m, and in difficult geological conditions (soils with karsts) - 1.5-3 m."
Still need to add that the design of a porch with stairs, closes the access to the outer wall of the foundation of the house. This means that the strip of concrete in this area should be wider in order to prevent unwanted precipitation of different places.
Slip №2. water retention
Water dripping from the roof is collected in the blind area on creating pools in the immediate vicinity. This means that when it is not taken into account the planning angle. Drawing on the same standards of design MGSN 1.02-02 TSN 30-307-2002, it becomes clear that the bias should be done not less than 10%. Consider for example, designed a blind area is planned to be 1 meter wide, which means that the difference in height of the longitudinal sides of the formwork will be mounted 10 cm and no less.
Necessity diametrical slope
The lack of difference in height may be the result of improper cementing whole band. Namely, in the process of drying the concrete, the master is not given the desired slope and the solution flowed into the horizontal position.
Drainage of water drainage system around the outer perimeter
To the water is not disturbed and does not cause problems, you should mount the drainage gutter. They can be plastic, top, as a rule, they are equipped with metal bars. Suitable conventional plastic pipes, sawn in half and mounted on a prepared base for stability.
Giving the aesthetic appearance
Complete blind area around the edge of the best supplement kerbstones. All together it will look very harmonious, and have a finished appearance.
Slip №3. Improper concreting
The result of such errors will appear across the fracture surface of the protective strip. It faces many challenges building a base of what can not be understood in the construction of man even to guess anything.
The concrete mix should be prepared from the following components: cement M-200 and above the filler should choose large - sized gravel to 2 cm, sand, water.
You may ask how you can make a lot of mistakes in this simple composition? Very easily - if incorrect sequence of mixing the ingredients. In addition, errors in the weight ratio of the components: Do not measure by eye. This builder who constructs a building sturdy and reliable, so that it stood for as long as, you can not be so lightly with his work. On any construction site will find extra bucket, which can be used for measurement purposes, which, incidentally, is very convenient. And with spring balance, even the most simple, weighting will be more accurate. Easier ways to come up with is difficult.
The ratio of components for the concrete mix
Typically, proportions are based on their flow 1 m3. In this particular case, we calculate the ratio of ingredients for the concrete mixture M 250. This brand is most popular for similar construction work. Thus, for the mixture flow rate M 250 per 1 m3 of need:
- M-cement 400 - 332 kg;
- gravel - 1080 kg;
- Sand - 750 kg;
- water - about 215 liters.
Algorithm application components in solution
Sequence is essential. Independently invent the procedure should not be, because the sequence of thought out and tested over the years and not a master. Qualified specialists strongly recommend that you first mix the particulate ingredients and then adding water.
The duration of mixing
Rotation Time household mixer for mixing the dry components of step is 2 minutes mixing time is required after the metered addition of water.
How to avoid the occurrence of cracks
During the pouring of the concrete in the form of a solution, pre-lay across a special tape of thin bars, they serve as the seams of the temperature compensation. The bars in this case are indispensable because they can be used to avoid cracks in the future.
Do tilt and sealing
The final fill step otmostki - shaping layer density solution and build cross slope. For better work better to rent a compactor, with the help of all the stages will be completed at a high level.
Slip №4. Not insulated otmostka
Errors at this stage will lead to unpleasant results. If concrete paved strip is not insulated, then in winter distending types of soil: clay loam, clayey, silty suspesi - give frost heave that affect devastating impact on foundation.
Advantages of thermal insulation:
- In such a conventional type of soil strengthening will serve as protection for the foundation of the possible cracks that may be formed when peremerzanii water trapped in the concrete;
- It retains heat in the house, reducing the effect of low temperatures on the outside, which helps to save money on heating.
For these reasons, it is impossible to miss insulation or to use at the same time low-quality material, so it will only get worse. The range of goods on the market of construction materials allows you to take high-quality vehicle and at an affordable price. An example of manufacturers that are credible professional craftsmen, the company is "TekhnoNIKOL" and its products, e.g., extruded polystyrene (XPS) TechnoNICOL CARBON ECO, the dimensions of a single sheet 580 * 1180 * 50 mm.
The foam used in the different temperature conditions and different climatic zones, so we can safely say that it is a tried and tested, fully meets the stated proizvodetelem parameters:
- high level of mechanical strength voltage;
- material does not absorb water;
- bacteria, molds, fungi, plants and roots rot can not destroy the structure of expanded polystyrene.
calculation of costs
Now calculate the approximate cost of insulation works, given that 1 m2sredstva need about 160 rubles. So having a house of 8 * 8 m, it is necessary to insulate the section of 36 m2. Based on the calculation, the required amount equal to 6 thousand. rubles. This is a small amount considering the fact that the house is built for long-term operation.
Slip №5. Soft coating will leak to the base
When installing soft type of blind area, we can put the top cover in the form of compacted gravel, grass or metlahskoy tiles. Please note that these funds are in need of laying additional moisture barrier layer. For this purpose, as well as possible better suited profiled membrane PLANTER-geo from the manufacturer "TekhnoNIKOL" prostilat it should be, capturing part of the house wall. The tightness will be observed that will protect the foundation from the access it rain.
What technologies are used in the material
The membrane is formed of two layers:
- lower - high-strength polyethylene, high-density, equipped with spikes, which form a gap for drainage through which water flow out;
- upper - formed geotextile which fitruet water and prevents clogging in the drain.
For the acquisition of this material will require 250 rubles per 1 m2.
Make high-quality blind area is not difficult
It is important to observe that all the conditions in order to avoid errors during the concreting and insulation. Pay attention to the quality of the materials that you use. Do not skimp on this step, otherwise soon have to invest in a much larger size, on the correction of all deficiencies. We recommended to use in the construction of the blind area of the materials mentioned in this article.
- On hard-packed sand bed sheets penopropilena CARBON ECO - it measures the basement insulation.
- For protection from the damaging effects of water on top of the insulating layer laid membrane PLANTER-geo. Overlay recommended overlapping fastening stud 4 and, in addition, the glue joint adhesive tape PLANTERBAND, layers of non-woven material so as to fix together an adhesive tape.
- Then proceed to the final prostilke layer of stones, gravel or grass. If chosen for the finishing coat tiles, then under it additionally pour sand.
High-tech materials fully justify their existence, because they can be used to create a solid and aesthetic blind area, which is important for a holistic perception of the house and the area in general. Established in this way concrete protection will reliably protect the foundation for many years.
This and many other materials can be found on our website.
Please put the Huskies and subscribe to the channel "About Fazenda". This will enable us to publish more interesting garden articles.
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