Poisonous mushrooms: Here come the autumn - the time when each mushroom is looking forward to the nomination of the forest for a bountiful harvest. If you are just starting to learn this business, you need to be very careful, because in our forests is found a huge amount of poisonous mushrooms. To protect yourself, you need to know on what grounds can recognize them. It's worth noting that they are all different degrees of virulence.
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There are also conditionally edible mushrooms, which lose their toxicity during the heat treatment. There are naturally occurring and deadly poisonous mushrooms that cause intoxication, their use can lead to death. Novice mushroom pickers in the forest waiting for the danger - he risks to fill their basket of poisonous mushrooms, which are disguised as edible. You can distinguish them in some sense, but it needs to have the appropriate skills. In this paper, we consider the 10 species of poisonous mushrooms. Most of them belong to the class of the plate, the back of the hat there are records.
Pale toadstool (Amanita phalloides)
It ranked among the group of deadly mushrooms. It occurs in summer and autumn in the woods in the south. It has a large size, cap diameter of 10-15 cm. Color pale green with olive shade. The edges of the cap toadstools have bent down edges, like a mushroom. In the future, it is leveled.
Leg white, can reach a length of 12-15 cm. Below the cap is a ring that resembles skirt with ruffles, the bottom legs noticeably thickened.
Pale Grebe has neither odor nor taste. This dangerous mushroom can be confused with russula and mushrooms. Even with the use of a minor amount, fatal poisoning may occur. Its danger also lies in the fact that the symptoms of intoxication can express themselves after 6 hour after eating. In medical practice, also documented cases in which they were shown after 48 hours.
Amanita white or spring (Amanita verna)
It occurs in forests from June to August. It has a white hat in diameter 10 cm. The pulp of this fungus has a repulsive odor. leg color is also white, length 7-12 cm. She observed the coating in the form of flaky scales.
At the bottom of the legs there is a slight swelling. It surrounds the wide ring with stripes. Amanita Verna ranked among the group of deadly poisonous mushrooms. Its outward signs are similar to the white float, but the latter is deprived of the ring and smell.
Amanita pantherina or gray (Amanita pantherina)
This fungus can be found in the woods in the middle of summer and autumn. Diameter of cap sostavlyaet12 see. Young fungus has a bell shape, over time it becomes more flat. Color may be light brown or olive, over the entire surface is seen a huge amount of white spots. Pulp is white, has a malodorous odor.
The stem can reach a length of 13 cm. In the lower part it extends, at the top tapers. Externally amanita pantherina similar to non-poisonous fly agaric gray-pink. Signs of toxicity after ingestion of poisonous mushroom appear in the shortest possible time (from 20 minutes to several hours).
Amanita muscaria (Amanita muscaria)
It is found in many regions of Russia. Mainly grows in forests, especially birch. This fungus is immodest size and looks pretty nice. His red hat with lots of white spots is kept on a high thick stem with the ring. In red mushroom cap can also be orange. In fungi, which only grew hat has a round shape. As we age, it becomes plano.
Amanita muscaria is not counted among fatally poisonous mushrooms. After its use in humans appear hallucinations, there is an intoxicating effect. This phenomenon makes itself felt after 20 minutes -2 hours after eating. Externally similar to Amanita muscaria Russula aurea -Red. Used in folk medicine (in moderation).
Blewits poisonous (Tricholoma pardinum)
Can be found in the deciduous forest in late summer and early autumn. It can grow in a pine forest. Color hats are off-white or dirty gray. Its diameter may be 4-12 cm. Soon it becomes a flat shape, the edge curl inward.
Leg reaches up to 8 cm in length. The mushroom has a pleasant aroma and taste. It refers to the deadly poisonous. Signs of intoxication are felt across 1,5-4 hours after use it for food. Blewits poisonous is not always possible to distinguish from blewits earthy-gray.
Galerina marginata (Galerina marginata)
Grow modest groups on humus trunks. They can be found in forests throughout the summer season. cap size 1-4 cm. Color dirty yellow. Over time, its bell-shaped form is converted into vypukloploskuyu. 2-5 cm length legs. In the lower part there is thickening. It surrounds the yellow ring. Classified as dangerous fungi. Sometimes it is difficult to distinguish with the summer Estimates.
Hypholoma fasciculare (Hypholoma fasciculare)
Prefers to live in large groups on decaying tree trunks of coniferous trees, stumps on near them. It grows in the woods during the summer-autumn season. Cap diameter of 2-7 cm. In young mushrooms she has a bell-shaped form, it straightens out over time. Color yellowish or brownish-yellow, the middle darker. leg length of about 10 cm, thin, light yellow. The fungus has a bright pulp with a bitter taste and offensive odor.
From other fungi lozhnoopenok different sulfur-yellow greenish color of gills under the cap. Intoxication symptoms are felt after 1-6 hours of ingestion.
Agaricus Xanthodermus (Agaricus xanthodermus)
This fungus also called Pecheritsa yellows. It occurs in forests, city parks, where it actively grows after the rains. Has a wide hat of white or light gray in color, soon becomes bell-shaped. 6-15 cm length legs. Downstairs there is a extension with a two-layer white ring. If you put these mushrooms cooked from them will come Carboline, repulsive odor.
This fungus belongs to the poisonous, but its use does not lead to death. Pecheritsa has some similarities with Agaricus campestris and field. Its main difference from their characteristic odor, which appears in the process of heat treatment.
Lepiota brunneoincarnata (Lepiota brunneoincarnata)
This fungus also called umbrella scaly. Found in the south of the country. It generally grows in meadows, but sometimes it can be found in parks and gardens. Cap diameter - up to 6 cm. Leg rather short, thick, encircled by a fibrous ring. Color hats taupe or cream and brown. It has a coating in the form of dark flakes. In the aging process it becomes prostrate form, the edges of the cap are bent downward.
It ranked as the class of strongly poisonous mushrooms, as part of which the presence of cyanide. It is often confused with other types of fungi umbrellas.
Satanic mushroom (Boletus satanas)
Satanic mushroom, also known as tubular (of the genus boletus) grows in the Caucasus, in the south of Primorye. Found in the woods. It forms a symbiosis with the linden, oak, chestnut and so on.
It is easy to confuse with edible Dubovik. Quite close to the mushroom hat pillow (about 20 cm). Color light gray, ocher and white. At the bottom you can see the sponge, which is made up of tubes with red mouths. Foot height 10 cm, the very thick, yellow with red mesh bottom. With age, comes from fungi repulsive odor.
In some regions where it is grown, it is considered a conditionally toxic. It is subjected to heat treatment and careful eat. about the safety of reliable information of this fungus is not available, so the risk their health and prepare meals from it is extremely unwise.
By the process of gathering mushrooms should be taken with full responsibility. It is undesirable to go to the forest to harvest if there is no relevant knowledge in this area. In the initial stages, you can collect them with an experienced mushroom picker. If there is the slightest suspicion on account of security, to thwart the fungus is not recommended. Take care of yourself and your loved ones!
This and many other materials can be found on ourwebsite.
Please put the Huskies and subscribe to the channel "About Fazenda". This will enable us to publish more interesting garden articles.