Among the unpleasant fungal diseases of tomato, which can occur at any stage of development - from seedlings to adult fruiting plants, not to mention macrosporiosis. Otherwise the disease is sometimes referred to as "brown blotch".
Macrosporiosis - when, why and how there
The causative agent - the fungus imperfect Macrosporium (makrosporium), after whom it is named. In addition to tomatoes this particular fungus "likes" potatoes.
Most often, the infection affects the tomato plants are weakened due to a lack of nutrients or illiterate farming. A risk factor is also cracking of the skin of fruits and any mechanical damage to plants (solar burns, punctures of insects, rough handling during care), through which the fungus spores easily enter inside.
Most previously macrosporiosis appearance of symptoms in the open field can be manifested already at 10-14 days after transplanting. Disease development promotes moist warm weather (+ 20-24 ° C), especially at a constant change of rainy days and sunny and / or heavy rosah.
Fungus overwinters in the state of spores and mycelia in the upper layers of the soil and on the remains of infected plants, while preserving the vitality to three years, and in the spring to infect new plants, "moving" them from the bottom up, spreading by wind and dropping moisture.
Symptoms macrosporiosis tomatoes
How do you know that the plant is infected macrosporiosis? In all the above-ground parts of the tomato (starting with the lower leaves of the bush) appear dry brown-brown circular spots with distinct concentric zonation. Gradually, the fungus switches to the stems and petioles of a sheet of upper tiers, and on the stalk on the fruit. In lesions stem parts (fruit stems, petioles, shoots) are oblong symptom depressed brown spots. Spots on the fruit "grow" from the stalk - they are also dark rounded and depressed.
After some time spots merge and are formed, velvety black scurf - fungus enters the stage of sporulation.
Affected leaves and stems wither quickly, fruit (both green and red) from the inside rot and fall off. Under favorable conditions for the development of the fungus and untreated tomato plants you can lose a crop in a couple of weeks.
Treatment macrosporiosis tomatoes
If preventive measures do not help, and landing yet infected macrosporiosis have a more serious processing plants means.
To this end, suitable fungicides complex action - PolyChim, Polikarbatsin, Captan, Artserid, Ridomil Gold.
When planting heavily infested, but some fruit disease has not yet been affected, you can try to save them. At any stage of ripening tomatoes, you should immediately remove the affected plants and dipped in the pre minute in hot (about 60 degrees) water, and then dry, to send to maturation at about + 25 ° C.
Macrosporiosis - quite a dangerous disease and to spread rapidly, so if you want to get rich harvest of healthy, not Remember to carry out preventive measures, carefully examine the plants throughout the growing season, as well as to engage in a timely manner treatment.
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