autumn - the main planting garlic. To get a strong healthy bulbs, culture should be planted in a timely manner, in a properly prepared beds.
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planting time
Depending on local climatic features, garlic planted in such terms:
- in the Moscow region and in the central part of Russia - from 20 September to 10 October;
- in the northern and eastern regions - in the middle of September;
- in the south, in the south of Ukraine - after the 20th of October to the first of November.
The most favorable for planting considered days when the temperature in the upper layer of the soil drops to + 10... + 12 ° C, for about 3-4 weeks until frost.
The teeth must have time to form a good root system. If they are planted late, they can not take root and freeze slightly or die (at -10 ° C), and if too early - the plant will grow and sprout strong, consuming nutrients before winter. Released in the fall plant small stalk 1-2 will not be reflected negatively on the spring shoots and harvest.
Winter garlic grows well after the plant with a long root system:
- green manure (mustard, phacelia, grains - with the exception of oats and barley);
- legumes;
- tomatoes;
- zucchini;
- pumpkin;
- cucumbers;
- cabbage.
It is not recommended to choose a bed for planting after:
- carrots and onions - due to the depletion of the soil;
- potatoes and beet, as may result in Fusarium.
Planting garlic in the same area as last year, may lead to lower yields and the emergence of stem nematode. It is necessary to comply with crop rotation in 3-4 years.
When and how to make a bed
If garlic is grown on the greens, suitable land, shaded in summer. To obtain high-quality bulbs need an open well lit bed, where the water does not stagnate. Prepare it 2 ways, at different times.
It's time to prepare a bed for the garlic - 2 weeks before its landing. Do it like this:
- Clean weeds.
- Disinfect the soil with a solution of copper sulfate - 1 tbsp 10 liters of water.
- Distributed over the surface of the compost and other fertilizers.
- Dig site on a bayonet spade, rake leveled and covered with foil.
Before planting the land will remain loose, sated with oxygen and slightly compacted, thus avoiding excessive penetration cloves. When digging desirable to make such 1m² fertilizer:
- 4-5 kg compost;
- 20 g of superphosphate;
- 1 cup of wood ash.
If the soil is saline, add calcium sulfate. Useful potassium sulfate, nitrophoska, double superphosphate.
It can not be used when planting winter garlic badly rotted and fresh manure: it makes the head friable and susceptible to fungal diseases, and - nitrogen, which causes the active growth greenery.
Another way to prepare the ground for winter garlic - use phacelia, mustard or legumes. Do it like this:
- Sow grass around the end of July, when available a suitable site.
- Mow 3 weeks before transplanting teeth. By this time the green manure is not yet in bloom, later, their stems and the leaves become tough and will slowly rot in the soil.
- Dig a bed, closing up the greens at a depth of 15 cm.
Green manure improve the soil, their numerous shallow roots make it loose, light, allow to completely abandon the use of fertilizers. Thus, Phacelia 1.5 months 1 Sotk dials 200-300 kg green mass, which is equivalent to 180-250 kg of manure. Before planting, the soil is not loosened teeth, enough to make furrows.
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Read more:Planting in August and early autumn