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Few people can imagine their cozy house without green areas and beautiful trees. But, there are a number of trees that have the most powerful and voluminous root systems.
As they grow, the roots violate the integrity of the foundations, sprout into basements, septic tanks, raise the blind area and the adjoining covering, spoil the inputs and communications conclusions, there is even such that the root raises the building very slightly, but windows and doorways are already beginning to talk about this.
Today, in order to protect residents from the destruction of houses near growing trees, planning rules have been developed that determine the distances from structures to the trunk of the plant. According to table No. 4 SNiP 2.07.01-89 * the minimum distance from the outer walls of buildings to the axes of trees is strictly defined.
But the fact is that such norms contain data on trees whose crown diameter is no more than 5 meters, therefore, the larger the crown, the more the indent from the tree to the structure should be increased.
Fragment of table No. 4 SNiP 2.07.01-89 *:
In addition, before planting a tree in the immediate vicinity of the house, it is recommended to assess its root system, taking into account the local climate and soil. The physiology of plants is such that the same species develops differently everywhere.
If the GWL is high, the roots do not reach deep into the water, but begin to grow almost several tens of centimeters from the surface. With a lack of moisture, the root rushes into the depths.
There are even situations when an old tree that never bothered anyone begins to break foundations. There are two reasons - the GWL (groundwater level) has changed or a structure was made next to the tree, blocking the access of water to the root system. Accordingly, the tree is rebuilt and radically changes the direction of root growth.
So, trees with very voluminous and strong root systems
First of all, these are varieties with a branched root system:
Ash - a fast-growing tree species from the first years of life. The strength of the roots is superior to that of oak. The static bending strength and impact bending resistance are off scale. The root is very dense and the vigor of the growth is able to lift the foundation with ease. The root system deepens to the aquifer, after which it begins to branch out.
Linden - in the first few years of life, a taproot is formed, which subsequently diverges into lateral branches. Even then, the volume of the linden root system reaches 2-3 cubic meters. Each year, each branch of the root gives an increase of about 20 cm.
The second, no less weak type of root system is fibrous roots.
Poplar - has a very wide and powerful root system. In adulthood, the roots are located within a 20 m radius around the tree. Also, poplar produces a lot of offspring from the main roots.
Bird cherry is a very hardy tree. It has a fast growth, especially in the first years (60 cm / year). The root system is dense and not deepened - it grows over the surface and occupies a huge area around the tree, which is why such properties of the roots are often used when strengthening soils. Root offshoots can form in a radius of 7-12 m.
Maple - the root system is shallow. Due to its strength, it takes all nutrients from the soil within a radius of several meters, thereby preventing other trees and shrubs from developing.
Elm and Beech - have a very powerful and voluminous root system, which grows not only in depth, but also along the surface (photo below).
Also, in this group, strong roots have: chestnut, birch and larch.
The third type is the pivotal root system:
Oak - in the root system, branches of the horizontal direction prevail, each of which has 100% regenerative capacity, i.e. the root cannot be killed, it will always be restored naturally way.
Alder - deep root system with a powerful main rod. In the 3rd year, oblique destructive roots are formed that go into the depths.
Walnut - at 4 years of age, the taproot reaches 1.5 m in depth, after which it begins to throw off lateral, very strong, branches in different directions.
Important!
It is worth noting that the decision to eliminate a tree growing near the house should be approached with great responsibility.
It often happens that over time, while the tree grows next to the house, its root system grows into the supporting structures of the building. And before the destruction of the tree - it is required to conduct a study of the foundation.
An ingrown root, when uprooting, can pull the structure along. Also, uprooting a tree can change the bearing capacity and density of the soil under the house.
And, as I mentioned in the previous article "What trees are planted to never pump out the hole?" (The most powerful soil dryers are bio-drainage) ", when we destroy a tree, we change the moisture content of the soil, so this can negatively affect the foundation of the house, the soil can be compacted or squeeze out the structure.
Thank you for your attention and I hope that the article was useful to you!
Well water. How to determine the quality of water at home? (Ways of old people)
What trees are planted to never pump out the hole? (The most powerful soil dryers - bio-drainage)
Plants-indicators of GWL, which will tell about the depth of the groundwater