The photo above shows a vertical fillet weld on a profile pipe. The seam is tight and pretty. I welded it with manual arc welding with a 3 mm electrode. The profile itself is 60 by 30 mm in size, its thickness is 2 mm. Next, I'll tell you what movements the electrode needs to do to get it this way or better!
Let's start with theory.
I took a piece of the corner, this will be the layout of the corner joint on the profile pipe. The corner lies in the horizon, but for convenience, let's imagine that this is a vertical. We will weld from bottom to top with a separation.
I took a piece of round timber, it will be an electrode! Ovals inside the corner - welding bath. The lines through the ovals are the middle of the weld pool.
We light the electrode and make several circular movements. This is how we heat up the metal and form a weld pool. Then we tear off the electrode, at this moment the contour of the weld pool is clearly visible. With a glance, we outline the approximate middle of this weld pool.
Re-ignition is done with the lower edge of the electrode in the middle of the weld pool. The ignition is done closer to the right edge of the weld pool. And now the most important thing.
Above there are 3 photos with the necessary electrode movements. We light the electrode in the middle, closer to the right edge of the bath. I drew this place with a dot. Now we begin to make a circular motion with the end of the electrode. We went a full circle from point to point, and at this moment you need to sharply accelerate the speed of movement. We kind of twist and combine this with the separation of the electrode. With the arrow, I showed the trajectory of movement and the moment of separation of the electrode.
Why are we doing this acceleration? Example: here are two circles from the grinder, the lower one is the weld pool, and the upper one will be slag. Slag and so in an upright position will flow down a certain distance. But with such a movement, we will move the slag even further. And therefore, the welding plates will fit more tightly and beautifully.
This is a shaped tube. I grabbed two pipes together, then we put the corner joint vertically and start welding.
We cook, well, or we weld, sometimes there are angry comments that we need to write exactly we weld!
Rutile-cellulose coated electrodes, OK-46 grade. The current is approximately 80 amperes. The polarity is straight, minus to the electrode, I know that in books they recommend the opposite. But a lot of practice and advice from experienced welders, whom I trust, suggest otherwise.
The seams are tight and beautiful.
The topic for newbies is important. so I made a detailed video for the article. The most interesting thing is a video of the welding process itself in multiple zoom. There you will see all the necessary movements of the electrode. Let's take a look.