Many unpretentious plants can grow safely surrounded by any other garden and horticultural crops. But not all species react so calmly to nearby cultures. Every agronomist should know what mixed plantings are and how to grow crops in their own garden so that the plants do not interfere with each other.
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Principles of compacted planting
Compacted, or mixed, joint, planting is a technology that allows you to grow different types of crops together and harvest a large harvest even from small areas. A long-known example of joint planting is the vegetable gardens of American Indians, who planted beans and corn together, and pumpkin. These crops helped each other to develop: protected from the sun, curbed the growth of weeds, etc. This is not the only example of such a successful neighborhood.
Before planting all crops together, you need to know how certain plants behave under certain conditions, otherwise the result may be unpredictable. The basic rules, the observance of which will help to correctly determine the suitable plants on the same bed:
- The primer must have good air permeability.
- You cannot mix representatives of the same family.
- Species with a highly developed rhizome will eventually displace other species.
- Low-growing crops that require sunlight should not grow in the shade of taller, larger plants.
- The highest result will be obtained by planting one species (50-60%), diluted with 1-2 other crops with different ripening periods.
So, the potato is able, thanks to the developed rhizome and high tops, to displace weaker crops, but suffers from even taller plants. Potatoes are not compatible with tomatoes and cucumbers, pumpkin and sunflowers, raspberries, but does not interfere with carrots and eggplants, cabbage and legumes, horseradish.
It is optimal to use potatoes as a catch crop, which consumes useful elements that are not touched by the predecessor and unnecessary for plants that will be planted in this place after it. For example, in the spring, after harvesting the salad, early ripe potato varieties can be planted in the same place, and then Chinese cabbage or kohlrabi can be planted. Also, potatoes are a good precursor for strawberries and strawberries.
Good neighbors for many plants are representatives of the labiate family - rosemary, sage, mint and lemon balm, tarragon. Spicy crops protect various types of lettuce and cabbage from the spread of slugs. Tarragon is useful in that it releases important beneficial elements into the soil. To prevent spice roots from spreading throughout the garden, it is better to plant them in plastic containers. Excellent neighbors for tomatoes and cucumbers, peppers and pumpkins, broccoli - marigolds, which are not only flowers, but also a seasoning, aromatic addition to tea.
Peppers, which grow best in moist soil and do not tolerate drought, can be helped by plants that form a dense green cover - dwarf basil, marjoram and oregano. Basil also repels ticks and aphids, helps the earth retain moisture. From spicy crops, fennel should be carefully planted. This plant is an allelopath, therefore it is capable of oppressing its neighbors. Especially dangerous for tomatoes.
Pros of mixed landings
Joint cultivation of herbs, vegetables and berries opens up great opportunities:
- Allows you to harvest throughout the season, planting other plants on beds freed from early ripening crops.
- Harvest more crops from the same area.
- Do not use chemicals and reduce the amount of mineral dressing.
- To increase the nutritional value (content of trace elements, vitamins) and improve the taste of vegetables, berries, etc.
- Avoid unilateral soil depletion.
There are a lot of opportunities for creating different combinations of berries, herbs and vegetables on the site.
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