When breeding fruit bushes, you will need to follow the recommendations of specialists on the level of illumination, soil composition, placement on the site. The list of 5 mistakes when growing blueberries - improperly selected soil, planting bushes in a shaded space, the use of organic fertilizing, non-compliance with the timing of fertilization, irregular watering.
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Blueberry breeding mistakes
When planning the cultivation of fruit shrubs, it is important to correctly determine the location and composition of the soil. Unsuitable soil will prevent the plant from bearing fruit. An acidic soil with a pH level of 3.5-4.5 is required. Before planting, it is required to check the acidity level of the soil and, if necessary, acidify it. At a soil pH of more than 5.5, the shrub does not bear fruit, the foliage becomes lighter due to the poor assimilation of nitrogenous substances. Light peat or sandy soils are optimal; water stagnation is not allowed.
Blueberry planting mix options:
- peat and river sand in proportions of 3: 1;
- a composition of straw, river sand, peat and garden soil in a ratio of 2: 1: 1: 1;
- sod or garden land (50%), coniferous crust (45%) and pine bark (5%), you can add colloidal sulfur to the mixture at the rate of 100 g per 1 bucket of soil.
Bushes develop well after harvesting perennial grasses that are not fertilized with organic compounds. It is recommended to prepare a landing site 6-8 weeks in advance. Leave a space of about 1.5 m wide between the rows. Single landings are carried out in depressions 0.8x0.8 m. In the presence of dense clay soil, it is recommended to make a drainage layer. Backfilling is performed from gravel or sand with the addition of limestone, sawdust.
Planting in a shaded area negatively affects the fertility of the culture. Bushes will grow, bloom, but fruiting may be absent or the berries ripen with a sour or insipid taste. For the formation of sweet fruits, you need to choose a place with a good level of illumination. The space must be protected from drafts.
It is not recommended to add organic compounds as top dressing. Manure solution, diluted poultry droppings and other organic substances have a high concentration of nitrogenous substances. Top dressing can harm the plant. It is recommended to replace organic matter with complex mineral additives, in the list of popular preparations Fertik, Solution, etc.
Care rules
When caring for shrubs, it is important to observe the regularity of feeding. In the absence of fertilizers, the plant reduces growth, the foliage turns pale.
Experts recommend using the following mineral supplements:
- ammonium sulfate;
- superphosphate;
- magnesium sulfate;
- zinc sulfate;
- potassium sulfate, etc.
Nitrogenous fertilizing (ammonium sulfate) is required to be applied to the soil in 3 stages:
- at the beginning of sap flow, 40% of the annual rate for plants is introduced;
- in the first half of May - about 35% of the composition;
- at the beginning of summer - about 25% of fertilizers are required.
Each shrub will require about 70-90 g of top dressing. From mid-summer to next spring, nitrogenous compounds are not used.
Phosphorus-containing dressings (superphosphate) are introduced in the summer and autumn periods. 1 plant requires 100 g of the substance. Magnesium sulfate is applied once a season. 10-15 g of funds are applied under the bush. Potassium and zinc sulfates are used at the rate of 2 g per plant.
A decrease in yield is possible with rare and insufficient watering. When breeding blueberries, drying out of the earth is not recommended. However, stagnant water can also negatively affect shrubs. Excessive moisture in the bushes and stagnant water lead to the death of the plant.
It is optimal to water the shrub 2 times every 7-8 days. 1 bucket of water is added for each seedling. The liquid is poured out in 2 doses (in the morning and evening). It is not recommended to carry out the procedure during the day. foliage can be damaged by sunlight.
During the fruiting period, the crops provide a sufficient level of soil moisture to obtain a bountiful harvest. During hot periods shrubs can be sprayed in the morning and evening to prevent overheating.
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