Growing grapes is not easy. This plant is susceptible to many diseases. Once you've planted it in your garden, get ready to face challenges right away. There are many ways and methods to get rid of them. Let's talk about some diseases now.
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Mildew is downy mildew
The most common disease. Caused by the fungus Plasmopara Viticola. In late summer and early autumn, it can be found in any part of the plant. It easily tolerates winter cold, hiding in the ground or on fallen leaves. It hits the plant with the help of raindrops and wind.
Signs of illness
- The lower part of the leaf is covered with a gray bloom resembling a cobweb;
- over time, the spots become brown, the leaves begin to dry and fall off;
- not only the sheet plate is damaged. Buds, flowers, ovaries, fruits also become "victims" of mildew.
Getting rid of the problem
For these purposes, a set of measures is used:
- Collect all fallen leaves in autumn and be sure to burn them.
- Dig up the soil five centimeters deep around the plant.
- Prune and tie the vine in time.
- Treat the plant with a remedy that contains copper ("Oxyhom", "HOM"). Perform the procedure before flowering. The second time was fourteen days after him.
Bacterial cancer
It is considered the most dangerous disease of grapes. It is caused by Agrobacterium tumefacies. She lives on almost all types of soil.
Signs of illness
The main one is a growth on wood or vines. More often located at the root of the plant.
Additional:
- inhibition of the growth of young seedlings;
- low productivity;
- yellowness of the leaves;
- change in the taste of fruits.
Treatment
The main activities are prevention:
- Careful examination of the planting material and its processing before planting.
- When removing grapes, completely remove the entire root system.
- Treat tools with alcohol or potassium permanganate.
- Don't forget about watering and feeding.
- Disinfect the soil. For these purposes, use "Nitrofen".
- Inspect the plant often.
As for the treatment, then, as mentioned above, it is impossible to get rid of the disease. You can extend the life of the vine. If you find a build-up, immediately cut it off and be sure to burn it. Treat the damaged area with a solution of 5% copper sulfate.
Gray rot
The disease appears during the ripening period of berries. The fruits become brown, shriveled, and rot. They smell of rotten fish. The disease spreads quickly and can destroy almost 95% of the crop.
Getting rid of the problem
It is impossible to cope with the disease, but there is a chance to prevent or stop its spread.
- Timely thin out the plant.
- Grapes should be planted in a well-lit and warmed area.
- Do not over-wet the soil. Try to avoid moisture getting on the berries.
- Remove damaged fruits immediately. Treat the bunches with a 1% baking soda solution.
Regular iodine will help against spreading. Add 65 drops of iodine to ten liters of water. Stir. Process the fruit with this solution every eight days. The rot should completely disappear.
The list of grape diseases is long. These are just a few of them. In order for the plant to feel great and to please with a rich harvest for a long time, preventive measures must be observed.
Have you already planted grapes on your site?
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Read about feeding grapes in the following article:How to feed grapes: fertilizers and feeding methods