Needless to say, electricity, like fire, is not a toy. This applies, however, not only to children, but also to adults. Sometimes the do-it-yourself principle may not work at all. Especially when it comes to working with an electrician in a residential area. Now is the time to take a look at the most pernicious and common mistakes among home screwdriver and multimeter enthusiasts.
1. No schema
Doing everything by sight without drawing up a diagram is a bad decision. If only because after a few years, when you try to hang a picture or a shelf in your apartment, you can damage the wiring in the very place that the owner has long forgotten about. This is why it is important to make a diagram on paper and store it in your home documents folder.
2. Insulation stripping errors
A lot of people remove insulation from a multi-wire conductor simply by running a knife around its circumference. You can't do that. This is because there is a risk of cutting off some of the outer wires along with the insulation. This will reduce the effective cross-section of the wire. It is best to purchase a special tool in the store - a stripper. It will allow you to properly remove insulation on a wide variety of wires without any problems.
3. Screw terminal blocks in the wall
Need to hide where the wires exit into the wall? A number of homebrew electricians connect the wire with a screw terminal block. You cannot do this. This is because after a while the contact in this place will weaken and begin to get very hot. In the end, all this is fraught with fire. If you need to connect wires, it is best to use twist, or even better, solder.
4. Use of PUNP
PUNP is a universal flat wire. At one time it was produced according to TU 16.K13-020-93. The main problem of the PUNP was the violation of the section and the high fire hazard. Despite the fact that the aforementioned TU was banned back in 2007, a number of unscrupulous manufacturers still continue to release this "miracle" on the market. Never purchase, let alone install, this type of wire.
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5. Live work
Advice for the smallest (as practice shows, relevant for the largest as well) - never work under tension. Even if the outlet is just loose, the light should be turned off before starting work. One careless movement is enough to receive a fatal electric shock. Tripping is usually done in several phases. If you do not know 100% which phase turns off what - turn off all the "machines".
6. Pipe earthing
It is amazing that not only home craftsmen do this, but also many electricians. The main thing to know about pipe grounding is that it is not safe. In general, this idea has its own logic and it will work if the pipe itself has excellent grounding. However, how to check it, and most importantly, how to be completely sure that it is normal? Worst of all, if the neighbors from below replace the pipes with plastic ones, then the whole circuit with such a grounding will be immediately broken.
7. Combination of wires from different materials
There are still a huge number of old Soviet houses in the country that use aluminum wires. The connection of aluminum and copper wires is guaranteed to create a galvanic pair, and the contact point will deteriorate over time. To prevent this from happening, wires from different materials should be connected using a clamp, terminal block or through washers.
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Want to know even more interesting things? How about reading 7 mistakes that a hostess with a cast-iron pan strives to make literally every day.
A source: https://novate.ru/blogs/030919/51600/