Only in Soviet apartments and houses, two "plugs" (maximum - automatic switches), provided electricity to the entire home, diverging in numerous branches in junction boxes. For example: a modern one-room apartment must have at least 7 machines, this is in addition to RCDs, voltage relays and individual bags for things like hobs. So what is the correct way to "break" electrical wiring? Let's start with lighting.
Sockets - separately, lighting - separately
The first rule for the design of electrical networks: power groups and lighting groups should be separated. Why do they do it:
- The power consumption of power and lighting lines is different, respectively, and the ratings of the circuit breakers are different.
- You can always turn off a certain line without de-energizing the rest.
- Even with a short circuit, only one machine will be knocked out, all the other baggers will continue to function properly.
When laying power and lighting lines, the cross-section of the wires should be:
1. For sockets - 2.5 mm2.
2. For luminaires - 1.5 mm2.
The rating of the circuit breakers is also determined: power lines - 16 A, lighting - 10 A.
How to divide lighting into groups
The division of lighting into groups is determined by a simple rule: a separate line must come to each room. For example, a standard studio apartment, which has a kitchen, an entrance hall with a small corridor, a living room and a bathroom. To the bathroom, no matter whether it is combined or not, there is always one line, not two.
We have identified 4 lighting groups, which means that 4 circuit breakers with a rating of 10 A must be installed in the electrical room.
Advice! Many electricians say that there will be enough 6A machines for the light, but additional 4A is nothing wrong they will not do it - the bags will also work properly both with a short circuit and with prolonged heating wires.
In addition to four machines, you will also need 4 pieces of wire, since the lines pass separately. The wire, which will be laid directly to the lighting sources (lamps, lamps), can be brought out through junction boxes or wired with a loop. With the second method, the consumption is much less, and the connections are made directly on the terminals of the lamps, which is more convenient and simpler.
A couple of helpful tips
Do not be too zealous and turn your shield into a messy cluster of circuit breakers. If the line goes to the hallway, it means that the corridor can also be "hung" on it, but through a separate switch. Some craftsmen, in order to earn more, install machines in every room, up to a small pantry or a built-in wardrobe.
It also makes no sense to install differential automata or separate RCDs into the light, just an extra waste of money. Even if the phase wire is damaged and falls onto the chandelier body, then any normal craftsman will first flip the switch before dealing with the lamp. Security measures have not been canceled.