Good afternoon, my reader. Usually garden shrubs are grown on trellises. But trees can be grown on these structures. This method has been around for several centuries and has been successfully used in some countries. It allows you to significantly save space in the garden, simplify the care of plants and get quite large yields.
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Method description
Often this method is used by owners of small plots who want to place a full-fledged orchard on their territory. This does not require extensive space. In addition, the garden will look very unusual, original and attractive.
The high decorativeness of the method determines its use in vertical gardening of building facades and ugly fences. Moreover, plants that are fixed on the sunny side usually begin their fruiting much earlier than ordinary trees.
The trellis method of growing in gardens began to be used several centuries ago. It was first used in France and Switzerland. Gradually, the fashion for branched and neat fruit crops spread to other countries.
The essence of the method is that the plant is grown in one plane. For this, one special type of pruning is used, due to which a non-standard crown formation occurs. After that, the tree is fixed on a support. Previously, this method was used only for shrub plants.
For this type of cultivation, it is necessary to select those tree species that grow slowly. This must be taken into account at the stage of choosing seedlings, since sometimes manufacturers use different types of rootstock. In nurseries, varietal trees are often grafted onto the root system of a different variety, and in some cases to another crop.
Dwarf or semi-dwarf crops are best suited for growing on a trellis.
Advantages of the method
A new type of tree growing is becoming more and more popular not only among the owners of small plots areas, but also for those who are experimenting and looking for new ways to obtain abundant yields from fruit cultures. In addition, there are several more advantages of this method:
- Little space to plant a rich garden.
- Trees grown in the same plane may well be used as hedges.
- Even rows of trees on trellises can clearly divide the garden into several distinct zones.
- The ability to give the plant any shape: a ball, a cube, or just make a branched crown.
- Trees grown in this way can be used as a decorative element in the landscaping of arbors, arches, recreation areas, etc.
Trellis construction
As supports for the structure, you can use various fences, fences, walls of buildings, or pre-dug posts, between which the wire is then pulled. Plants need a lot of sunlight, so it is advisable to plant them on the south side. If necessary, for plantings, additional protective fences from wind and drafts are installed.
When creating a garden, supports are used. The structure must be fairly solid. Usually it consists of pillars and a frame on which a wire and a screen made of strips are fixed.
The stem of the tree is firmly attached to the post, and the branches are bred along slats that are in the same plane. The crown is formed only vertically and on the sides.
Seedlings for this growing method are planted in the same way as usual. Only the distances between the supports must be taken into account.
Most often they make a U-shaped crown. It is called palmette. During formation, you need to leave only 2 main branches running horizontally. As the tree grows, they are directed upward. There are also many other shapes that can be much more complex.
Stone fruits: cherries, apricots, peaches are often made in the form of fan palmette. In this case, the side branches must be secured diagonally upwards.
If desired, the crown of the tree can be made completely horizontal. This shape makes it much easier to harvest the fruit, which at the same time remains intact and intact.
The wall structure must be placed at a distance of 10 cm from the support. The seedlings are planted, retreating approximately 30 cm from the trellis. If the crop forms thick trunks, then it is necessary to plant at a greater distance.
Correct pruning
The most important aspect of the new method is regular and correct pruning. With its help, you can give the plant the desired shape and position it on supports.
Prepare a secateurs for trimming. It must be sharp and disinfected. All cuts are made at an angle.
Young plants are pruned in the spring and only once a year. The procedure is performed before the start of sap flow. The only exceptions are plums and cherries. These crops are more efficient to prune in the summer months or in September.
In the process of pruning, the plant is given the required shape. In this case, the length of the shoots and the trunk is formed.
A fruiting plant should be cut 2 times a year. An additional procedure must be performed in the summer, during the ripening of the fruit. First of all, shoots are removed, which cover the fruit from the sun. You also need to cut off damaged, dry and diseased branches.
All large-fruited plants, such as apple, peach, must be thinned out very first. It is also necessary to remove fruits that have been damaged by some diseases, and those that have stopped growing. This will enable other fruits to eat better and develop faster.
Trellis trees are a great way to get large, high-quality crops in a small area. You just need to prune and water the plants in a timely manner.
Do you know how to grow trees on a trellis?
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