Grapes are traditionally considered the southern culture that does not tolerate frost of central Russia. But many gardeners grow their own crops and in southern Siberia and Altai. In the suburbs grapes well tolerated and relatively warm winters, and it manages to tie berries and mature into a long summer.
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Growing vines in Russia
The middle band Russia is different in the early autumn frosts and prolonged cold weather in the spring. But modern hybrids with early fruiting time to not only give the berries, but also form a strong matured shoots capable of lossless transfer winter.
Vines not freezes at about -20 ° C. A number of varieties (Delight, Platovsky, Lepsna etc.) Is kept lower temperatures. When selecting plants for your garden it is important to pay attention to the hardiness of the variety and does not try to grow grapes, preferring warmer winters of the southern regions of Europe.
The grapes for the central Russia and selected in accordance with its flavor characteristics. Most sweet - wine, they are even in the heat of the sun and lack of local conditions provide delicious berries. Their lack of - a lot of seeds. Table varieties have a lower sugar content, but they often lack the grain and color and size do clusters not only delicious but also decorative.
Particular attention should be paid to the care of the vine. Even in the southern regions of the bushes of several varieties have to cover for the winter, and in Russia, this procedure is required for almost every species. Before covering the whip will have to remove the poles and lay on the ground, closing the porous and retains heat well with natural materials (straw, shavings, etc.). From a good winter harvest it depends not only next year, but also the life of the plant. Annual freezing of vines gradually weakens the bush and leads to his death within a few years.
For planting grapes is desirable to choose a location near the southern wall of the building. Bushes will be protected from cold air currents from the north, and the heated wall of the day will help to increase the sugar content of the fruit of the vine, and create favorable conditions in the cold nights of the second half of summer.
The choice of varieties
For the majority of Russian regions are suitable superrannie and early varieties (maturation period not exceeding 120 days). They have time to fully ripen to top frosts, and will be able to remove the cluster without loss. Matured shoots for the season is not freeze slightly in winter. These classes include:
- Early white. Platovsky muscat grapes, Crystal, Delight, Augustine, etc. stand. are considered universal. They are suitable for wine and for fresh consumption. Varieties have increased hardiness not freeze even when the temperature is lowered to -30 ° C. The average weight of the bunch is 250-350 g
- Early Dinner. Transformation varieties (Pink), Sphinx (Black) Lelik (black, large berries), Pereyaslav Rada (red), and others. possess large clusters and berries have a mass of 5-8 g, a spectacular color and good flavor characteristics.
- Neukryvnyh. Hybrids F 14-75 (white), Shun (Pink), Victor (red, macrocarpa) Super extra (white), and others. characterized by high winter hardiness and grow well in the conditions of the Moscow area. Ripen in late August - September.
When selecting varieties should pay attention not only on the value and taste, but also on the demands on the care, consider your own experience in growing grapes. For beginners suit all of these varieties. They are undemanding and require only the implementation of mandatory procedures: pruning, fertilizing, etc.
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