Good afternoon, my reader. Currant is a dense and spreading plant. Over the years, it loses its shape and needs rejuvenating pruning, which allows old bushes restore strength, increases immunity to disease and makes it possible to collect abundant, large and delicious harvest.
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To properly prune the bushes, they adhere to some rules.
What branches should be pruned
By 5 years after planting, the currants begin to age. Fruits appear only on those shoots that are a maximum of 3 years old. The rest of the branches thicken the bush, which should not be allowed.
Those shoots that do not have a thickness of 2.5 cm are subject to pruning.
The following plants require such an event:
- Which showed signs of the disease. All branches are removed and burned. Leave only healthy people and disinfect them for preventive purposes.
- Strongly overgrown.
- With thickened skeletal branches.
- With damaged roots.
Rejuvenating pruning is carried out starting from the second year of planting currants. All shoots are removed, leaving only the powerful ones that form the skeleton. There should be 4 of them in total.
How to do anti-aging pruning
In early July, the shoots are shortened by 2 buds. This helps in the formation of new, strong lateral shoots.
Then pinching is carried out. This is how young branches are formed, on which fruits appear.
In the 4th year after planting, the central part is cut off from the bush, leaving 4 to 7 healthy, strong shoots. They are processed and pinched. Two-year-old branches are pruned above the 5th bud.
In the 5th year after planting, the oldest branches are removed from the currants, along with sprouts at the base.
Also get rid of shoots:
- broken;
- dried up;
- naked;
- thinned;
- lying on the ground.
Those who are not more than 3 years old are shortened, leaving 4 true kidneys. And also no more than five zero branches.
Regular pruning
Held twice a season. The first time in the spring, before the buds appear. The second is in the fall, after all the foliage has fallen off.
If you neglect regular pruning, the bush will thicken. This will directly affect the harvest - the berries will be small, pale and sour.
The main objectives of the event:
- The direction of nutrients in the ovary.
- Reducing the risk of infection with fungal diseases and lichens.
- Reducing the likelihood of pest attacks.
- Bush update.
After pruning in the fall, even in old bushes, fruiting increases in the next season.
Sanitary pruning
Carried out in the spring and during the growing season.
During it, branches are removed:
- broken;
- dry;
- frozen;
- sick;
- deformed;
- growing lying down or in the center of a bush;
- naked.
Leave healthy shoots growing outward from the center of the bush. Leaves and large fruits appear on them.
Bush replacement
8 years after planting, the currant bushes must be replaced. Younger and more promising plants are planted in their place.
In some cases, for example, if you like the variety, layering is done.
Proceed as follows:
- Take the healthiest central shoot.
- They are bent to the ground.
- Fix.
- Sprinkle with a layer of soil.
After a while, young roots appear. They are sprinkled and sprinkled with humus. Every 14 days, they stimulate growth by adding organic and mineral fertilizers, which include nitrogen.
In the fall, the new plant is separated from the old one. It is transferred to a new landing site along with an earthen clod. The event is held no later than mid-September, so that the young bush has time to take root before the onset of frost.
The transplant is also carried out in the spring, after the snow has completely melted. Then the young plant is planted at an angle of 45 ° to a depth of 8 cm. This allows the root system to grow, and the currants quickly take root.
Pruning correctly not only helps to keep the bush healthy and well-groomed, but also increases the quality and quantity of the crop. This is an activity that gardeners do not neglect.
Do you know how to restore the fruiting of currant bushes?
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How to deal with aphids on currants, read the following article:Ways to combat aphids on currants