Many citizens still remember such a Soviet film as Operation Y. In several episodes of the film, the main character of the film was on watch with a mysterious rifle, the model of which would be quite difficult for most people to determine. What was the night watchman Shurik armed with and why is it no longer possible to find such a weapon today?
In the film Operation Y, Shurik and the watchman grandmother had only one rifle for two, but not at all because the Soviet industry could not provide security personnel with weapons, but due to the fact that our hero was not actually a qualified watchman, but only replaced his grandmother with service. If you look closely at the rifle in this film, it will be difficult to identify its model even for people interested in weapons.
Some people recognize the famous "Mosinka" in Shurik's rifle, others think that it is the "Berdanka" rifle. At the same time, if you take a good look, it will quickly become clear that Shurik is not holding a rifle at all, but a smoothbore gun, and most likely a representative 22 caliber. In fact, finding such a weapon will be quite difficult these days, although some examples of such rifles and shotguns are still preserved in museums.
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Such guns were called "Frolovki" in the Soviet Union. This name was popular and unofficial in honor of the designer who proposed the method for creating such a weapon - Peter Nikolaevich Frolov, who worked at the Tula arms factory. The main secret is that "Frolovki" were not made from scratch, but were remodeled. Broken or defective Mosin rifles of the 1891 model, as well as the Berdan rifles remaining in Russia after the Revolution, were taken as the basis for these rifles.
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In fact, they guessed to convert unusable military weapons into hunting ones even before the 1917 revolution. The first batch was made in Tula before the First World War. True, this party was quite insignificant. Already in the course of 1920, this operation was put on stream, since a sufficient number of not very suitable weapons were formed in the country. It was modernized in Tula for a hunting cartridge for the needs of the national economy.
It should be noted that this practice was typical not only for the USSR. Similarly, part of the Mauser 98 army rifles in Germany after World War II was disposed of. Some part of the weapon was “fenced off” and converted into a hunting one.
If you want to know even more interesting things, then you should read about knife "Cherry": what is the phenomenon of Soviet intelligence weapons, what collectors want to get it.
A source: https://novate.ru/blogs/210820/55741/