There are many types of cartridge markings. The main way to designate the type of ammunition is to paint its striking part in some color. This marking allows you to identify a particular cartridge, throwing just one single glance. For example, for AK, cartridges are produced, the bullets of which are painted in a stylish and elegant black color. The question is: how do they differ from ordinary ones and why are they needed?
As noted above, there are many ways to mark ammunition. This is most often done by stamping and painting. At the same time, do not confuse paint and protective varnishes, which are often applied to the joint between the bullet and the sleeve in order to ensure better tightness of the product. Most of the colors of the marking of ammunition for handguns are the same all over the world, however, the specificity of any marking is determined by the local regulations of a particular army.
There is a rather rare variety of cartridges, the bullet of which is painted almost completely black. Such ammunition is being made, including for domestic weapons, including the Kalashnikov assault rifle. These cartridges are very rare, and therefore they were hardly seen even by those who completed military service. What is their secret?
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So, the bullet of the cartridges marked with black paint is no different from the ordinary bullet with a steel core. Exactly the same is used in the vast majority of machine gun ammunition. Powder charge is another matter. In such cartridges, it is somewhat stronger than in any other. On the boxes, such ammunition is marked with the letters UZ - "enhanced charge". They are not used in combat.
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Ultrasonic cartridges are used only at arms factories when they test weapons from fresh batches for strength. Such ammunition is used in the same way as cartridges with yellow bullet markings. True, in the latter, the bullet is weighted, and the powder charge corresponds to the charge of the standard cartridges. Both black and yellow cartridges are used to test the barrel of a weapon and are needed for two different types of testing. You can shoot ultrasound only from a special machine with the help of automation (robot) and from a safe distance.
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A source: https://novate.ru/blogs/220820/55754/