Good afternoon, my reader. Soil quality is one of the most important factors that directly affect the yield. Therefore, before planting plants, the soil is treated.
Please like and subscribe to the channel " About Fasenda". This will allow us to publish more interesting garden articles.
Why is soil disinfection necessary?
In the spring, with the onset of warmth, not only plants wake up, but also insect pests and bacteria. They begin to multiply actively and become the cause of numerous diseases:
- late blight;
- scab;
- rot;
- rhizoctonia;
- alternaria.
Diseases that can destroy 50 to 100% of the future crop. An actively developing fungal infection, especially in warm and humid weather, is capable of completely destroying a cultural planting in 3 days.
The reasons for such outbreaks are not only favorable weather conditions, but also a high concentration of infections in the soil. Therefore, the soil must be properly disinfected before planting plants.
Processing methods
In the open field, the following methods of disinfection are resorted to:
- agrotechnical;
- biological;
- chemical.
The drugs used solve a whole range of problems at once:
- successfully fight dangerous infections;
- destroy weeds;
- reduce the amount of disinfectant treatments during plant growth;
- feed the culture, contributing to its development.
Preparatory work
Before adding a disinfectant, the site is prepared:
- remove plant residues;
- lime is added to the soil, which prevents the development of pathogenic bacteria;
- disinfect.
Biological disinfection
In small areas, preference is given to biological preparations, which include beneficial bacteria. They have a number of advantages, the most important of which is safety for:
- human;
- animals;
- surrounding plants.
Among the finished preparations, they have proven themselves:
- Baikal EM-1;
- "Baikal EM-5".
They are brought into the ground in the fall, before the onset of frost. The action is based on the suppression of the development of phytopathogens by beneficial microorganisms. The compounds disinfect and heal the earth.
After the autumn digging, biofungicides are introduced. The preparations are used to treat the top layer up to 8 cm deep.
In the spring, after the snow has completely melted, the threat of recurrent frosts will pass, and the weather will become stably warm, the procedure is repeated.
Other drugs are also used:
- Fitosporin;
- "Baktofit";
- Trichoderm Veride.
Systematic disinfection of soil and treatment of plantings with antifungal biological compounds cleanse the soil from dangerous infections, protect crops from diseases, and protect the human body from poisoning.
Agrotechnical processing
Mushroom mycelium develops as quickly as possible in thickened plantings. In such places, there is poor ventilation, high humidity.
To avoid this, proceed as follows:
- The beds are made narrow. In width, they reach a maximum of 2 m. It is easier to care for such plantings. The soil is better aerated and the plant leaves are ventilated.
- Observe the crop rotation. The same crop is not planted in the same place for at least 3 years.
- Plants with low immunity to fungal diseases are planted after onions, garlic or cabbage.
- The varieties and seeds are carefully selected.
- The affected plants are promptly removed by burning them.
- Avoid excess nitrogen in the soil.
Chemicals
Chemicals are resorted to only as a last resort, when all tested disinfection methods have not yielded results. Such compositions relieve not only of pathogens, but also of beneficial microorganisms, significantly depleting the soil.
After processing with chemistry, a large amount of organic fertilizers is introduced into the soil, and agrotechnical measures are taken to restore it.
When choosing funds, preference is given to those that have a 3 or 4 hazard class.
For example:
- Bordeaux liquid 3%;
- oxychloride solution 4%;
- Oxyhom 2%;
- "Healthy Earth".
Compliance with agricultural techniques and timely preventive treatment will protect the plantings from fungal infections. Plants will be strong and healthy, and the harvest will be plentiful.
Do you know how to properly disinfect the soil?
Original articleand many other materials, you can find on ourwebsite.
Read about how to get rid of snakes in the following article: How to effectively get rid of snakes at their summer cottage