There are so many strange phenomena happening on our planet that nature has taken care of. The Aral Sea is one of the mysteries of interest to scientists for a long time. Where the water disappeared from this reservoir and whether the person is to blame is an open question. Could in general a person, having blocked two rivers, the Syr Darya and the Amu Darya, obtain such a result in such a short time period, because this is not a small reservoir? In size, it is twice as large and, accordingly, deeper than the Sea of Azov.
1. House of the shitomordnik
The islands and shores of this sea are home to many representatives of the animal world, which makes this place unique. The special attention of scientists and researchers was attracted by the Pallas mouton. This is a snake, widespread in the Kazakh steppes.
In 1874 g. Vladimir Alenitsyn during the Aral-Caspian expedition, traveling on a small sailing barge, visited all the islands located in the Aral Sea. He studied the coast of the reservoir and described it. First of all, the scientist was interested in the animal world, which seems to be nothing special, and its diversity is not great.
Nevertheless, in his report, published in 1876, and titled "The reptiles of the islands and shores of the Aral Sea", the scientist points out that the homeland of the common shitomordnik is in the Aral Sea. And he is the youngest of all representatives of this genus. In his report, the scientist emphasized that, on the one hand, it became a place of formation of its own species, and on the other, it became a kind of indicator of the transgressions of the reservoir and its regressions.
2. When there is no man's fault
In the nineteenth century, scientists, having studied the geological data and features of living creatures, made a preliminary verdict that the Aral Sea had already dried up earlier, and then returned to its usual state. But in the process of these metamorphoses, its coastline changed regularly. Decades later, already in the middle of the last century, taking into account historical data and applying the special equipment, scientists concluded that a feature of the Aral Sea is not only a change in the coastline, but also an absolute disappearance with subsequent appearance.
In the course of research, it was found that over the past five thousand years, the transgression of the Aral Sea or saturation of it with water, followed by regression (drying or falling of the water level), seven time. The historical facts are the metamorphoses with the Aral, which occurred in the last two thousand years. As a result, scientists, having studied all possible information, came to the conclusion that the life cycle of the sea averages from 650 to 700 years.
It turns out that today's picture is nothing more than another “death” of the reservoir - regression. This will be followed by a transgression - the sea will "come to life" again, only its shores will be different. The previous similar phenomenon, which is described in historical sources, was observed in the fourteenth century. It was then that the transgression began - the rapid arrival of water. The population of Aral-Asar left their settlement in a hurry. For the next 700 years, this place was under water at a depth of twenty meters. Now it's just a steppe.
3. What does the Caspian Sea have to do with all this?
In connection with the described regularity with the disappearance of water and the lack of connection with the overlap of two large rivers, the question arises where the water leaves and from where it appears again, and so rapidly.
In fact, this is a simple and at the same time difficult question. According to the hypothesis put forward in the middle of the last century, the two seas, the Aral and the Caspian, communicate with each other by means of karst cavities passing under the Ustyurt plateau. The effect of communicating vessels is obtained. No one doubts that they actually exist. The borax and sinkholes that formed on the plateau, which have sunk into the ground in the most unexpected way, are a vivid proof. But the enormous extent of these cavities is perceived by scientists with a grain of salt.
But here, too, a number of questions arise. First of all, this concerns the level of the two seas. The Caspian is located below the Aral, so the water could completely overflow into the Caspian Sea and the opposite effect would not have followed. On the other hand, the density of the Aral Sea water grows in accordance with its drying, and in this case the situation changes exactly the opposite. That is, there is a relationship between the two seas: when the water level in the Caspian Sea falls, the water level in the Aral Sea rises and in the opposite order. Scientists also suggest a similar relationship between two lakes - Khubsugul and Baikal.
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4. The social system has nothing to do with the situation
Based on all the facts, it becomes clear that human activity, neither during the Soviet Union, nor after, has nothing to do with what is happening with the Aral Sea. But negative consequences are observed in this case. The exposed bottom of the resting reservoir contains toxic soil. For decades, pesticides and various chemicals were transported here, which the same seven hundred years ago were not even in sight.
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When will the Aral Sea return from its "vacation". It is quite possible that soon. Scientists record a gradual decrease in the water level in the Caspian Sea since 1996. This means that from the same moment the second reservoir is preparing for its return. In recent years, the indicators of the Aral Sea have remained stable, which indicates the termination of the drying process. It is quite possible that by the middle of this century, the Aral Sea will begin to revive rapidly, in order to disappear from the face of the earth again in the next seven hundred years.
It will be equally interesting to learn about Antarctic natural phenomenon - "bloody" waterfall.
A source: https://novate.ru/blogs/110920/55982/