Modern small arms in a larger mass are rarely used to engage targets at a distance of even 500 meters. Anything beyond the mentioned mark is usually a task for snipers with special equipment, weapons and appropriate training. At the same time, it is very difficult to hit the target at a distance of 1 kilometer. What can we say about hitting targets at a distance of 1.5-2 kilometers. Nevertheless, such shots are successfully made.
Very often, citizens refer to sniper shooting at a distance of 2 kilometers as some kind of fable from Hollywood films. In fact, such a "feat" combines several important elements. First of all, you need to choose the correct caliber. The .408 CheyTac rifle is considered the best for hitting targets at a distance of 2 thousand meters and more. Also used machine gun rifle .50BMG, .338 Lapua Magnum, .416 Rigby. It is worth emphasizing that many serial cartridges do not reach the required characteristics, and therefore their special are being finalized for snipers, released in limited editions with the designations "Improved", "Snipetac" and etc.
The next important component is barrel selection. And here we are talking literally about the barrel, not about the weapon. The sniper rifle itself, of course, plays an important role, but still not a determining one. Of decisive importance in the case of ultra-long shots is the length of the weapon barrel. The best choice would be barrels with a length of 76-82 centimeters. Anything more is already window dressing for the sake of show-off - excessive barrel lengthening does not give real bonuses.
Remember when we said the rifle was not critical? Of course, but you won't be able to take any here either. When it comes to ultra-long range shooting, the Chey Tac M200 rifle in 408 caliber is considered to be the best examples today.
The next important component of a successful 2K shot is additional gear. This is a high-quality laser rangefinder. If a good rifle for ultra-long range shooting costs from 20 thousand dollars on the market, then the "correct" rangefinder alone will cost 7-9 thousand dollars. The most popular among snipers today are the Leica Vector IV. You will also need a portable weather station to measure humidity and air temperature, atmospheric pressure and wind speed. Our shooters most often take the Kestrel 4000NV.
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Next, you need to attend to choosing the right optics. A regular sniper scope will not work here. For shooting at 2 kilometers, you need special optics with extended functionality of the correction drum. Most often, Leupold Mark IV M1 or Night Force 5.5-22 IXS are taken for competitions. US Optics SM is no less popular, which is considered by many to be better than the samples mentioned above.
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The last most important component of a 2,000 meter hitting shot is the experience and skills of the shooter himself. Without this, there will be nothing at all, and all of the listed equipment will be just a useless set of expensive "toys". Suffice it to say that all record-breaking snipers on both sides of the ocean have been preparing for their best shots for years.
Continuing the topic, read about "Sniper machine gun": what the Wehrmacht paratroopers were armed with during the Second World War.
A source: https://novate.ru/blogs/071020/56295/