Eggplant is beautiful in appearance and tasty, but also very moody when grown. If you do not follow strict agrotechnical rules, then both young seedlings and adult plants will grow poorly. Proper care is essential to improve growth and yield.
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The eggplant bush will not grow well if the following problems are present:
- overdried land;
- temperature fluctuations;
- non-compliance with the irrigation regime;
- cool air (below +20 ° С);
- lack of nutrients in the soil;
- diseases and pests;
- mechanical damage to parts of the plant, such as roots.
The composition of the soil is of no small importance. Eggplant does not like heavy clay soils, since the roots cannot fully develop in such soil and choose useful substances. Light, loose soil, cultivated and fertile, is suitable for eggplants.
Eggplant is photophilous, so it does not tolerate shade well. Choose an open, sunny area for growing. Crop rotation is very important for eggplants. Do not plant eggplants in place after other nightshades (tomato, pepper, potato, physalis and eggplant).
Before planting a plant, the site should be properly prepared. Preparation begins in the fall: the land is cleared of debris, old roots and leaves, then fertilized with fresh manure, dolomite flour and other organic fertilizers.
In the spring, the earth is treated for disinfection with a weak solution of potassium permanganate or in other ways.
Eggplant does not like low temperatures, but it also does not tolerate extreme heat. Heat above 28 degrees leads to a slowdown in fruit development, and an even higher temperature (above 35 degrees) stops fruiting altogether. Drip irrigation helps to reduce air temperatures and thereby save crops. The most favorable air temperature for the normal development of the plant and the formation of fruits is considered to be from +20 to +30 ° C.
Seeds in this temperature regime and in moist soil germinate for 6-8 days, and at a lower temperature, seedlings slow down and germinate much later.
How to properly care for eggplants
To prevent drying out, the eggplants need to be watered properly. Dry soil and drooping leaves indicate that the plant does not have enough moisture. At the same time, excessive watering leads to the fact that, due to excess moisture, which does not have time to evaporate, root rot may begin, and then the gradual death of the plant. Water the eggplant bushes with warm water 2-3 times a week.
Yellowed leaves signal a lack of nutrients. To eliminate this deficiency, the soil is fertilized with complex fertilizers or organic matter. You shouldn't apply a lot of nitrogenous fertilizers. This can lead to the development of green mass in the plant and at the same time inhibit the development of flowers, and then fruit. A mixture of potassium and phosphorus is best.
It is also good to use as a top dressing for eggplants:
- compost;
- chicken droppings;
- humus from leaves.
Strictly observe the dosage, because an excess of fertilizers is as unfavorable as a deficiency, and can lead to various diseases and even the death of the plant.
Do you know how to properly care for eggplants?
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