Planting winter onions has its own characteristics. One of the most important is choosing the right variety for winter planting. When planting a variety that is not intended for cultivation in winter, in the spring there will be increased arrow formation and a poor harvest.
Influence of the region on the timing of planting
Podzimnyaya planting onions requires the correct timing: late does not guarantee that the bulbs will take root, early - will cause abundant growth of green feathers. The optimum temperature for planting onions in autumn is about 7 ° C. It should be borne in mind that it takes about two weeks for the bulbs to take root. It is important that there is no frost at this time.
For the southern regions, the optimal planting time is from late October to November 20. In the middle lane, this is the month of October. In the Urals and Siberia, planting is carried out at the end of September with the obligatory shelter of the beds from frost.
Landing technology
There are a number of factors that are important to a healthy and healthy winter onion crop.
Soil condition
To root the bulbs, the soil must be loose, nutrient-rich and neutral in acidity. After the summer culture-predecessor for soil enrichment, you can use humus - 1 bucket per 1 m2, wood ash - 100 g per 1 m2, urea - 1 tbsp. l. per 1 m2. Neutralize acidic soil well with chalk or lime.
Compliance with crop rotation
Good predecessors are protection against insect pests and fungal diseases. It is recommended to plant winter onions after cucumbers, tomatoes, pumpkins, mustard, courgettes, peas and beans.
Preparation of planting material
The best option for autumn planting is wild oat - onions up to 1 cm in diameter. This type of onion takes root quickly and grows slowly. 2 weeks before planting, the seeds must be well warmed up in the sun. This contributes to the rapid development of the root system.
To obtain early spring greenery, larger bulbs are planted: seedlings - 1-2 cm and samples - more than 3 cm.
Planting depth and distance between bulbs
It is important that the thickness of the soil above the sowing is at least 2 cm. Optimal planting depth:
- for wild oats - 4 cm;
- for sevka - 6 cm;
- for a sample - 8 cm.
The wild oat is grown exclusively for the turnip, the sevok - for the turnip and a little for the feather, samples - for the early greens.
You can form grooves both along and across the beds. Sprinkle them with warm water before planting. The distance between the bulbs should be observed:
- for wild oats - 6 cm;
- for sevka - 8 cm;
- for a sample - 5 cm.
Care of onion beds
Winter onion care lasts throughout all seasons of the year:
- Autumn care - application of superphosphate fertilizers after germination, mulching with preliminary loosening, covering with spruce branches, needles, sawdust.
- Winter care - winterizing the beds with snow.
- Spring care - collecting winter shelter, loosening, watering, removing weeds, treating with fungicides.
- Summer care - timely harvesting - yellowing and lodging of the feather signals that the turnips are ripe. Cleaning is carried out in dry weather, be sure to dry the onions in the shade in a draft.
Planting winter onions is easy. The key to a good and healthy harvest is the correct choice of winter onion variety and adherence to the rules of agricultural technology when planting.
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