Sometimes summer residents have to deal with the need to transplant fruit trees on the site. The reasons can be both technical - it is required to free the territory for the construction or arrangement of vegetable beds, and physiological - the tree does not develop well in its old place and needs other conditions (soil, lighting, moisture, etc.). The most favorable period for transplanting fruit trees, including pear trees, is autumn.
Why you should replant pear trees in the fall
Pear is a tree that does not like to change its place of residence, it is difficult to get used to new conditions. Transplanting in autumn contributes to better adaptation and survival of the plant, gives a number of advantages, among which the following can be distinguished:
- after transplantation, all nutrients go to the development of the root system, and not leaves and fruits;
- in the fall, as a rule, there is a sufficient amount of precipitation and there is no need for regular soil moistening - it is enough to do a single watering immediately after the procedure;
- in the autumn, new roots are formed, the tree becomes more resistant to frost and temperature extremes.
When to start work
It is necessary to start gardening work after the onset of leaf fall: the fall of the foliage means the transition of the tree to a state of dormancy. It is during this period that the root system receives the greatest access to the micro and macro elements consumed by the plant.
The exact terms depend on weather and climatic conditions and territorial location. For the southern regions, the optimal timing of transplant operations is from October to November, for the central regions - from mid-September to mid-October.
In order to have time to carry out a pear transplant before the frost begins, be guided by the forecasts of weather forecasters. Remember - temperature drops and fluctuations can cause irreparable damage to the plant's root system!
What to look for when choosing a new location
When choosing a new location, it is necessary to focus on the needs of the plant. Pear trees are thermophilic and do not like drafts. Sunny areas of the site are suitable for their growth: a sufficient amount of light and heat will provide a high level of photosynthesis and affect productivity.
Do not forget that pears love space - they should be placed at a distance of at least 4-5 meters from other trees and buildings.
When choosing a new site, pay attention to the acidity level and soil characteristics: heavy, unfertile soils are quickly depleted. The most suitable option for planting fruit trees are loamy, sandy soils. The acidity level should not exceed 6.5. With increased acidity of the soil, lime is added to it.
The depth of the groundwater table is another factor contributing to the better development of the culture. In order to exclude the constant erosion of the soil, leading to rotting of the roots and their defeat by fungi, the distance from the soil cover to the root system should be at least 3 meters.
How to prepare a landing pit
The planting pit is prepared in at least three months. It is best to do this in the spring - by autumn the soil will settle down, the necessary environment will form for the roots. A stake is installed in the center of the pit - a tree is tied to it after transplantation.
The upper fertile layer should be carefully removed - it will be needed, and the lower one should be replaced with a mixture of earth, sand, potassium salt and superphosphate, compost. In the case when the acidity of the soil is increased, limestone is added to the soil.
Remember that for the correct shrinkage of the soil, the edges of the pit are made under a plumb line.
Sequence of work
Sequence of planting a pear tree:
- In the center of the hole, a small mound is made so that after filling the root collar looks out by 5-6 cm.
- The tree is installed in the center of the mound, evenly placing the roots on the sides.
- Backfilling of the soil is carried out. It is necessary to ensure that the earth is evenly distributed, voids do not form around the roots.
- The earth is tamped down, then the tree is tied to the stake.
- A recess is made in a circle, into which several buckets of water heated in the sun are poured.
- In order to better retain moisture in the ground, its surface is mulched with sawdust or peat.
Most often, young fruit trees are transplanted. You should know that a tree older than 15 years will most likely not take root in a new place and will die. Trees with damaged bark, as well as infected ones, will not tolerate a change of location.
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