Caring for fruit trees is a continuous process in which each season has its own characteristics. Autumn time is a very important link in this process. Trees are being prepared for wintering, and their timely processing will ensure healthy growth in the spring and a rich harvest in the future.
The importance of autumn processing
It gets colder in autumn, and many pests begin to actively seek a cozy place for wintering. Cracks in the bark, mosses and lichens, hollows and growths on the trunks are ideal shelters in frosty times. In autumn, the humidity of the air and soil is increased, which means that the multiplication process of many fungi and diseases is accelerated. If we neglect the autumn processing of trees, then in the spring pests attack plants with renewed vigor, which will significantly affect their productivity.
Preparation for processing
Before processing, it is necessary to clear the trunk of growths, pests, cracked bark, mosses and lichens. The barrel circle is freed from debris and dirt. Old leaves and fallen fruits are destroyed. The trunk is inspected for cracks, wounds, fungus and pests.
What to process
The most common treatments for most gardeners are iron and copper sulfate, Bordeaux liquid and ready-made fungicidal mixtures.
Ferrous sulfate or ferrous sulfate
After the end of the leaf fall, in the middle of autumn, the trees are treated with a solution of ferrous sulfate. It can be used to fight lichens and mosses, scab, powdery mildew and many fungi. Iron sulfate is used to treat wounds and destroy pests, as well as to prevent iron deficiency in trees.
Copper sulfate
The second most popular pest control composition is considered to be copper sulfate or copper sulfate. Its solution disinfects wounds, kills pests such as powdery mildew, a large number of fungi and scab, and also treats the soil near the trunk. Copper sulfate as a universal fungicidal agent is not compatible with metal dishes and ferrous sulfate solution. Therefore, it is strictly forbidden to use these tools together.
Bordeaux liquid
Bordeaux liquid is a mixture of slaked lime and copper sulfate solution. It is a fungicide, with the help of which it is customary to destroy a number of diseases, pests, fungi and bacteria, as well as to prevent copper deficiency on acidic soils. For autumn processing, carried out at the end of the season, a more concentrated 3% solution of this substance is used.
There are a number of off-the-shelf chemicals that can be purchased at garden stores and used to treat trees.
Whitewashing in autumn
The final stage of the autumn processing of trees can be considered their whitewashing. It is necessary to prepare plants for frost to protect the trunk from snow and sunburn. Also, whitewashing allows you to finally destroy all pests remaining after treatment with chemical compositions. Whitewashing is carried out at positive temperatures, in dry and calm weather.
Trees treated in autumn safely endure the winter and in the spring spend all their energy not on fighting diseases, but on active flowering and fruit formation.
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