A person is faced with water every day throughout his life. The liquid is necessary for cooking, hygiene procedures, and satisfying the feeling of thirst. But water also helps cover your tracks and save lives. Scenes with water elements are popular in the film industry as well. So, the audience is unlikely to be left indifferent by the episodes in which the heroes dive into the water column. Bullets trace light stripes around them, air bubbles chaotically rush to the surface. According to the tradition of the genre, divers remain alive and practically unharmed. Can water save a person from bullets? Let's figure it out in this article.
1. Air, water and bullet
For many centuries, people have resolved conflicts with the help of different types of weapons. They have undergone a number of transformations and modifications. In the modern world, a wide range of small arms is presented in specialized stores. You can also find bullets of various calibers there - for a pistol, rifle, carbine, pump action or hunting rifle. It will not be difficult for a professional shooter to hit a duck, hare or larger game with any ammunition. But back to the movie industry and the epic water shooting scenes.
From the school curriculum, everyone knows that the density of air and water is different. The liquid is denser. And it is the density that affects the speed and lethality of the bullets. Once in the water, the ammunition must overcome more resistance. Therefore, when fired into the air and into the liquid, the bullet behaves completely differently. This is clearly shown in one of the episodes of the TV program "Mythbusters". The two presenters demonstrated what happens to ammunition if they are fired into the water at different angles - straight and sharp (23 degrees).
2. How bullets behave when entering the water at different angles
The shot, which is made at a more right angle of entry of the bullet into the water, has a greater lethality. So, 9 mm ammunition fired from a classic pistol is capable of hitting a target at a depth of 2.5 meters.
If the angle of contact of the bullet with water is less (for example, 23 degrees), then its lethality weakens. The ammunition of low-speed weapons - a pistol, pump-action rifle, powder gun and their analogues, can overcome up to 1 meter under water. The situation is quite different with high-speed weapons, where the ammunition has an initial velocity of 500-700 m / s. When entering the water column, the bullet is destroyed. This is explained by the same different density of air and water. Ultra-high-speed bullets, crashing into a water obstacle, start to slow down quickly. At this moment, the laws of physics are connected. As a result, the ammunition is shattered into pieces.
By the way, if a person is at a depth of 30-50 centimeters, then high-speed bullets will not inflict fatal wounds on him. The maximum that he will experience is light blows, as if from small pebbles.
3. What is cavitation and cavities
Why a bullet is practically harmless to humans in the water column will be explained by another process from the field of physics. It is called "cavitation". It can be observed in liquid media. Under certain conditions, bubbles form in them, voids - cavities. At a certain moment, a collapse occurs. A large amount of energy is released into the aquatic environment, which can provoke a water hammer or noise effect.
So that's it. Cavitation also occurs when the bullet enters the water. Around it, a lot of bubbles and water vapor - caverns - are instantly formed. They arise due to the fact that the bullet is surrounded by powder gases. As soon as the ammunition loses its powder coat, its speed is reduced. The cavern collapses. The bullet loses the ability to move along the trajectory set by the shot. Sometimes the ammunition can be deployed. Its trajectory becomes chaotic.
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From all this, the following conclusions can be drawn. At a certain depth, bullets lose their lethality. What size of the water column will become a bulletproof shield depends on many factors - the angle of entry of the ammunition into the water, the type of weapon, the caliber. I would like to note that the material is for informational purposes only. When it was written, the goal of presenting scientific facts was not pursued.
What do you think, what depth will help to escape from bullets? And why do ammunition lose its destructive power when it gets into the water column?
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