At the moment, there are many different appliances for heating rooms, of various sizes and performance. But the Dutch-oven is in any design project look original. It appeared about 500 years ago. The design of the heater is simple, and the unit is an effective, durable and economical. Installation will not cause difficulties. Offer to acquaint step by step instructions with diagrams and photographs that will be useful to those who decided to build this device.
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How does the structure, its advantages and disadvantages
The first mention of the construction dates back to the XV century. Since that time, she received her popularity and spread throughout the world. In classic ovens embodiment necessarily have to be ceramic tiles - tiles. You can also assemble the unit and without them if the design will be used to warm the cottage or for cooking. All other cases require the obligatory presence of the tiles.
Dutch consists of a firebox, chamber cleaning, dymovyvodyaschego channel, ash and ash.
The form is attached to a strictly rectangular, folded from a reliable furnace refractory bricks. The uniqueness lies in the fact that elimination of smoke for a long compared to other types of furnaces, and thus given him greater amount of heat.
Now consider what positive effects has this structure:
- Functionality - originally used exclusively for heating, but it is possible to build a surface for cooking, heating of this level is not reduced.
- The small size of the structure - if you want you can make a height of 50 cm, while you do not feel the heat.
- A small flow of bricks - at Dutchwoman leave 2 times less building material than the construction of Russian standard oven.
- Height - you can select a few stories that will not affect heat transfer and efficiency.
- Heat transfer - with the help of such a design can warm the room is 1.5 times more than the other units of the same orientation.
- Rapid heating - allows longer keep warm. Among other things, also a long cold.
- There are no strict rules of construction of one form only. Size and appearance can be made either. It needs a simple observance of precise proportions.
Of course, there are also negative aspects:
- A small level of efficiency.
- Not suitable for heating fuel burn quickly.
- It is necessary to heat thoroughly at least twice a day, it was warm.
- If you use fuel with a high ash content, will produce a lot of soot.
- Repeated protaplivanie promotes the release of carbon monoxide.
What are needed materials and tools for construction
Beforehand you need to make the scheme or plan of the design and consider a placement, based on it will be easier to start in the work and the process will be simpler and clearer.
Prepare the following tools: a shovel, trowel, tape measure and level.
The following is a list of building material for the construction of Dutch indoor oploschadyu 40 m2:
- Refractory bricks - 200 pieces;
- clay - ½ m3;
- clean river sand;
- water;
- Soft wire;
- M400 cement;
- doors for factory furnace.
Work begins on the construction of the furnace with pouring of the foundation.
erect the base
The foundation for the unit is not part of the foundation of the house, remember this. If you decide to lay the oven in already built a private home, the need to dismantle the floor at the installation site and make a hole for the base to 50 cm.
For your information! Two of the foundation must not touch, so if this happens, you need to make a pillow out of the mound of sand.
Cement is mixed in the usual ratio of 1: 3. After mixing, proceed to casting base. First, pour a small amount, prostilaem reinforcing mesh and pour the rest. Surface leveling necessary it is necessary for smooth tab bricks. The following cement powder sieved powder. We reserve the whole structure for up to 7 days to pit could dry properly. Only then you can proceed to further action.
Brickwork
A week later, the foundation has dried, you can now continue the process. Harvested solution of clay, for laying the building material. To do this, we sift it to remove stones and clods. It is better to do this procedure at least twice. Then you need to add water to swell and leave for a couple of hours. The excess liquid after the merge. Filled with sand in the ratio 1: 1 and then filled with water again, the rate of 1/8 of the nominal volume of the mix.
Now consider the whole process step by step construction of the furnace structures.
- Under bricks prostilaem layer of waterproofing material and sand.
- The first row of bricks need obmoknut folded into water and lying a short distance apart. Next, put a solution which fills the space left and fasten items.
- The second and third level as flatwise with the mixture. Other rows 3 and until such time as it is necessary to mount the door on the stove, laying takes place on the edge.
- Depending on the project structure and its specificity, the fourth and the fifth layer is placed entirely of refractory bricks. Wherein the rear wall is not sealed by the cement, because these elements are designed for the cleaning of the chimney in use.
- Door, pre-wrapped asbestos, or other material resistant to combustion, installed and fixed in the brick seams wire.
- Repeat stacking scheme to the upper edge of the door. Further masonry go lying again, except for the back, which is on the edge. Thus we are acting to 7 rows. Continually monitor the level of evenness corners and walls.
- Just above the firebox compartment use brick corner. With proper adherence to the scheme, you can use the oven as a fireplace.
- Ninth series of laying an offset to the rear. Prostilaem refractory material on it then put the plate. Carefully check all the places of contact and welds - all must be without gaps and voids.
- Tenth row will be the basis for the removal of smoke channel. If your furnace was planned a small size, it is better to make the chimney in the form of a tube.
- In step number 11 laying fixes cap with gasket retardant agent. We are laying the pipe joint and the stove, using a laying ¼.
- Location of contact with the floor close a plinth, the design itself have to whitewash and paint, or impose a ceramic glazed tiles, by choice.
The oven is ready and it should be left for 14 days to a solution of seized and dried. The process of construction at this stage is over, and to bear the right time, you can start to operate.
Information! Dip in water at each brick laying oven for a few seconds, since the moisture will remain in the mixture, the solution will retain the ductility and crack.
Thus, the process works is not complicated, and the device is very useful and extraordinary will look in the room. In addition, everything can be done without the help of a specialist.
Stepping Dutch installation is presented in the video.
original article and many other materials can be found on our website.
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