In the vastness of the vast fatherland, all truck tractors with a semi-trailer are called the mysterious word "truck". Where did it come from and what does it really mean? It is much more interesting to find out what the mysterious plate with the Latin inscription “TIR” means, attached to the body of almost any truck tractor that performed cargo flights. So, let's take it in order.
With the word "truck" in fact, everything is simple. In fact, this word was borrowed into Russian from German somewhere in the second half of the 20th century, apparently not without the help of the USSR's connections with East Germany. In German, the word "Fuhre" appeared a very long time ago. Since the 19th century, they have been used to designate cargo wagons pulled by horses or oxen. In the 20th century, the Germans began to apply this word to truck tractors with semi-trailers.
As for the mysterious inscription TIR on all trucks, this is an abbreviation for the French “Transit international routier”. The TIR sticker means that the owner of this truck is a party to the Customs Convention on the International Carriage of Goods under the TIR Carnet. This is an international treaty adopted by countries in 1975 under the auspices of the UN. The main essence of this agreement is to simplify and reduce the cost of international transportation as much as possible, as well as to guarantee the payment of customs duties.
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The main advantage of participation in the TIR system is the deliverance of the carrier from carrying out full and thorough checks at the borders, primarily of transit countries. This system applies only to truck tractors, but also to river boats, trains and sea transport. The main thing that is in this agreement on the driver's side is a TIR carnet or Carnet TIR. A correctly completed TIR containing all the necessary signatures and seals is a guarantee of the international system that the cargo does not pose a danger. Providing such a book to customs officers greatly simplifies the life of both inspectors and carriers.
Of course, the goods transported under Carnet TIR must be properly sealed. If the book is filled out correctly, and all the seals on the cargo are in perfect order, then the customs officers of the countries through which the cargo is transported will not check it. Only the authorities of the country to which it is directly transported will carry out a thorough check of the cargo. However, participation in TIR does not protect carriers of goods from deliberate checks in the event that customs even of a transit country will have suspicions that there may be a prohibited cargo under the seals.
In continuation of the topic, read about why did the train station attendants wear red capsand why they are no longer worn today.
Source: https://novate.ru/blogs/130122/61840/