Fedorov assault rifle: why the development of 1916 was not adopted either in Russia or in the USSR

  • Apr 30, 2022
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Fedorov assault rifle: why the development of 1916 was not adopted either in Russia or in the USSR

The Fedorov assault rifle was developed back in 1916. However, neither the army of the Russian Empire nor the new Red Army of the country of the Soviets wanted to adopt such a progressive model of weapons. What was the matter? Didn't the domestic military consider the huge advantage that the machine gun could give the Russian and Soviet infantry already in some 1920?

The machine turned out to be extremely complex. |Photo: livejournal.com.
The machine turned out to be extremely complex. |Photo: livejournal.com.
The machine turned out to be extremely complex. |Photo: livejournal.com.

In fact, with the 1916 assault rifle of the Fedorov system and the issue of adopting it, things are quite simple. We should start with the fact that Vladimir Grigoryevich Fedorov himself had no illusions about his development from the very beginning. Back in 1916, the designer wrote that his machine gun had a number of serious shortcomings that would not allow it to become a truly massive weapon to equip an entire army. From the entire list of shortcomings, several of the most significant can be distinguished.

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In fact, there were several. |Photo: wikimedia.org.
In fact, there were several. |Photo: wikimedia.org.

Firstly, the Fedorov automatic rifle turned out to be unnecessarily complicated, while the overall reliability of the machine left much to be desired, which the designer himself later wrote about. Secondly, the creation of Vladimir Grigorievich used a downright exotic cartridge - Japanese-made 6.5x50 mm SR Arisaka ammunition. If we compare the Fedorov Avtomat and the later SVT-40 self-loading rifle, it turns out that the latter is almost twice as simple technically. At the same time, SVT at the beginning of World War II still caused difficulties for soldiers in matters of operation.

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The weapon used an exotic cartridge. |Photo: guns.allzip.org.
The weapon used an exotic cartridge. |Photo: guns.allzip.org.

From the shortcomings described above, such typical vices as increased sensitivity to pollution and exacting care resulted. It is important to note that absolutely all first-generation machines had such shortcomings. For example, the Mondragon self-loading rifle or the Mauser Selbstlader M1916 did not differ in this respect from the model made in Russia. Therefore, none of the early automata found wide application. None of them had the slightest chance of becoming a mass weapon for an infantryman for the reasons stated above.

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Fedorov himself wrote about the shortcomings. |Photo: Twitter.
Fedorov himself wrote about the shortcomings. |Photo: Twitter.


If you want to know even more interesting things, then you should read about
why the Luger pistol was a coveted trophy for high ranking officers.
Source:
https://novate.ru/blogs/010222/62029/