Electricity is controlled by various units and electrical installations, the operation of which is carried out according to certain rules described in various documents, in particular, in such as “Device Rules electrical installations" (PUE). It is the essential "bible" for electricians and contains the entire knowledge base for those who work with the related equipment.
The "Rules" are regularly updated and contain data that must be adhered to in accordance with the adopted laws and regulations for the operation of electrical installations.
The PUE rules cover almost all sections related to the operation and installation of electrical equipment. They include data on work with substations and distribution. devices, with automation and protection system, with electric power plants and methods of their maintenance.
It contains data on lighting, on special equipment, on electrical installations. In the document, a certain place is assigned to responsibility for violations of the rules specified in the PUE, among which are, and administrative fines, and the initiation of criminal cases and the imprisonment of perpetrators under guard.
It happens that electricians, for various reasons, do not always adhere to the PUE. This leads to various troubles, some of which are very serious.
Rules from the PUE, the violation of which is prohibited, but which are not followed most often
- 1. Failure to provide comfortable access to electrical equipment for their revision, maintenance or repair. This condition is violated most often and this is due to the "rampant" design fantasy.
In pursuit of original solutions, designers and builders often completely block access to distribution boxes and other equipment, which leads to the impossibility of routine maintenance or their maximum embarrassment.
This is a gross violation, which is in conflict with paragraph 2.1.23 of the EIC, which refers to that any communications and electrical wiring must be provided with full and unhindered access.
- 2. No stock for wires. When installing switchboards, boxes and other electrical equipment, there must be a margin for the wires involved in the connections.
The absence of such a reserve is considered a gross violation of the Rules. When installing electrical installations, the required wire length must be ensured for the free connection of power supply points.
- 3. Grounding of sockets with a loop is not allowed. It is not uncommon for electricians to ground only the first outlet from the shield, and the subsequent ones are grounded by a loop. This is contrary to paragraph 7.1.21 of the PUE.
- 4. It is forbidden to fill the cable channels entirely (to failure). This is indicated in paragraph 2.1.62 of the PUE, which says that all cables and wires cannot occupy a volume exceeding 40% of the volume of the cable channel itself.
As a rule, this condition is violated in order to save money, not realizing that such a "stuffing" can lead to overheating and related problems. Yes, and admission to the wiring in this case is sharply difficult.
- 5. An error that can cause serious injury and even death is a violation of the wiring color code.
The PUE clearly states that the neutral wire must be blue or blue, the phase wire must be black, red or brown. Orange, white and pink are also allowed for the phase. Grounding always has only one color - yellow-green.
For a three-phase network, the connection should be as follows:
- Phase A - yellow wire;
- Phase B - green wire;
- Phase C - red wire.
Now you know what basic rules electricians can break when doing work. Therefore, as a customer, you can control them, and if you notice violations, force them to redo what was done with violations
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