Water is the source of life and growth for all plants, particularly for horticultural crops. But the water must be supplied as required. But if it is a lot - it threatens the loss of all vegetation. Raising water threatens snow gathering in the spring and as a result, increase the level of water in rivers, lakes and other bodies of water. The same problem is a swampy area. With that faced by most owners of country chadnyh sites. This problem can not be ignored, otherwise there is the risk to remain without a harvest, because the over-infested garden nothing can grow. But the threat is not just for the vegetation, and buildings in danger, because the soil is literally to depart out of the foundation, which in turn threatens the distortions and cracks. To avoid all this, it should be time to start draining soil.
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Drainage water disposal system
The drying complex needed to divert a portion of the excess water using the aerial or underground channels. Before you start planning for waste, it is necessary to assess the situation and consider the following points:
- of the landscape;
- the level of groundwater;
- soil quality;
- falls precipitation;
- lie, and where the communication pipes and cables;
- Building located below ground level (basement, cellar);
- number on the plot of trees and bushes.
Once we decided on the spot laying vodoottoka remains to choose, what kind of system to choose.
types of drainage
There are two types of drainage area: deep and superficial. Works to lay the drain structures are different for each of the options.
The main task for the terrestrial channels is abstracted water accumulating after a heavy rainfall or the snow melts on the trails near builds on lawns and other areas in the territory of a country cottage or at home.
surface design
This type is divided, in turn, has two: point and linear. Drain system for point sink is mounted in small places where puddles:
- ruts formed in a natural way;
- lower levels of the porches;
- station at the entrance to the house;
- driveway;
- drainage area.
This is the easiest type of drainage structures, need not be circuits for him. To set up the necessary structure to prepare materials: gullies on a concrete base, a pipe for removing water, dampers, rotary well, gangway and sumps.
Installing livnevok especially necessary if the earth is tilted. So you will save by sliding the upper fertile layer of soil. In addition, installation livnevki needed in other cases:
- blur the tracks;
- flooding prigarazhnoy territory;
- drainage of rain from the foundation.
Drainage via open channels
Linear design flow depth in the ground. To close the trough used metal or plastic lattice, which can be removed at any time.
The most important rule, to lay a drainage angle. To bodies of water could drain yourself. Flowing through the channels, the fluid enters the sand trap from which profiltrovannaya water enters the exhaust pipe, further entering the sewer system.
Before mounting the linear structure requires making a plan diagram of its implementation and the preparatory work. Prepare a base of concrete. Which will be installed on all other components. If necessary, you can make a square concrete pad is larger in size, and even supplement bias.
To design the drainage efficiency was high, it is necessary to combine both types of off road surface drainage. So you protect from damage the house, all the plants, land and everything on it is from the annual flood waters and heavy rainfall.
underground drainage
Are set at a certain depth of soil. Roaming thereon with excess water mass portion fall in specific wells: collecting or drainage.
By type of construction, leading to collect the liquid, we can determine the following:
- vertical;
- horizontal;
- combined (combined).
Vertikanonapravlennye systems are built wells, they must lay in the sand or limestone layers of the soil, is mounted inside the pump and filter mechanisms. This complex structure is often considered to be an engineering, which is difficult to use and requires constant monitoring. Because of this, they do not put on individual plots. The same considerations hardly suitable for the application and combination types.
More comfortable and not expensive is considered horizontal drainage underground laying. That begin the installation of the closed channel you need a pipe with perforations. They must be installed on the mound of rubble in a pre-dug pits. A few years ago, to mount such drains used articles of asbestos and cement, but it turned out that they have a detrimental impact on the environment and they are banned.
Optimal for installation and operation are corrugated plastic pipe. They are easier to install and are much cheaper.
To protect the pipes from clogging earth, sand, and other fine materials, they must be wrapped geotextile. Prefer non-woven fabric made of coconut fiber. The choice of material should be done on the basis of soil quality. If it is loam or sandstone using geotextiles. Coconut fiber is suitable with other types of land. Avoid the purchase of materials impermeable to water. With a non-woven material or fleece suitable Dornit.
All work on the establishment of livnevki you can do yourself in an appropriate manner:
- We make a detailed plan showing all the important objects: pipes and manholes;
- in targeted areas swarm deepening;
- sand fall asleep trench 10-15 cm, Stel nonwoven given to leave a margin for wrapping pipes;
- rainwater lay obliquely to the sump;
- to interconnect all the elements the drainage clamps system tees or cross-pieces;
- produce winding cloth and fill gravel, after putting a layer of soil.
Provide unnecessary diversion of water from the reservoir. Perhaps in a ravine, a large ditch, but the best in the central nervous system discharge wastewater.
When laying livnevki make a mound of rubble. Optimally select stones fractions having sizes of 20-60 mm. Choose from granite and river gravel. From the use of limestone type is better to give, it will be blurred when using the canal system and will soil salinity.
Regular inspection of drainage system
If the installation was correct, but do not need to constantly monitor the condition of drainage. But still require periodic maintenance, such as:
- periodic inspection of sewers and wells, the need to make their cleaning;
- also requires cleaning deposits on the pipe walls, thoroughly it should be carried out every 8-10 years.
For correct preparation of the plan-scheme and competent assembly of all components, be sure to watch the video in which you can find detailed instructions performing all the work. Finished design water diversion can last for over 50 years with proper operation and maintenance.
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