Talking to the "suburban newcomers" who want to grow up on his site solar vines, we have concluded that the more often they are not the required set of key knowledge, which allow to obtain a constant crop of grapes, while retaining all of this his landing for a long time.
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It happens that the gardeners have met with a huge amount of information about how to take care of this culture, and quite simply give up, preferring less labor-intensive plants. In reality, you simply need to observe certain rules of the standard of care, which are based on physiological processes grapes, and it will help to make out everything on the shelves, "newcomers" get rid of excess information.
Beginners summer-growers who do not have time to read special literature sources may be of interest for the nuances of culture care, such as planting, irrigation, formation, shelter, etc.
We want to help novice grape lovers and those who embarked on the development of this plant. We created a little cheat sheet of certain rules on how to take care of the bush grapes. Let us hope that it is useful not only new, but also to those with this plant has already "friends".
Subtleties of care a lot. Let's look at the main.
Getting started.
Landing. Plant deeply. You must know that the root system of grapes killed already at minus six degrees. Accordingly, to create a deep hole for planting - a prerequisite. It is also necessary to lay it on the bottom of the required amount of fertilizer. So you perestrahuetes from slow growth and culture conditions. Strong manicured bush will hurt much less. And the more thoroughly you fertilized culture, when planted, the less will make fertilizer for three or four years of life bush.
Dig a hole 80 cm in depth (width similar dimensions). At the bottom lay a good mixture of soil, humus or manure fertilizers.
You can make superphosphate and ashes at the rate of 1 kg of ash pit. Separate this mixture from the surface of the root system zemelku mound. From the surface. soil to the surface. this hill so be not less than forty-five centimeters.
After the need to water and tree trunks zamulchirovat.
Protection. Preferably - by various means, to protect foliage and berries bushes. This technique can help pass addiction. The usual scheme of treatments of diseases and pests:
The first treatment. In a rest period, from fungi, for unblown plumule, iron sulfate at temperature values in the plus ten degrees. The second name - eradicates spraying.
The second treatment. During kidney opening means from insects that damage the foliage. Processing must itself like a rod and wire, and ground under bushes.
Third treatment. During formation of the first five leaflets agents against fungal diseases.
The fourth and fifth processing. It can be carried out regardless of the condition of the foliage of grapes in the five days before the culture began to bloom, and after three to five days after flowering. These are important measures for prevention of diseases, especially in the southern areas of growth of the plant.
Sixth processing. Carried out in the irrigation period, berries, against fungal diseases.
Seventh processing. During the period when the crop is removed, antifungal. Do not miss it, arguing that the result achieved (ripened berries). Forget about the protection of the foliage can not. During this period, when still on the street warm weather, a wonderful sense of self fungi are still able to hurt the subsequent harvest.
Eighth treatment. During the period of sleep before the shelter for the winter. Repeat spraying to eradicate. Zhelezn. Vitriol change on copper.
If the choice between chemical and biological protection, it is an individual approach. We advertise "no one" we will not, the choice is yours!
Protection measures are defined for grapes its real condition (manifested there any diseases as pest behaved in the past year, the weather). When a year's worth of dry grapes enough for three or four treatments for the prevention of the season.
To simplify the processing circuit, it is possible to apply the practice of tank mixtures, which can combine more than one protective agent.
Shaping and pruning grapes. "Keep it simple."
Remember that fear the formation of the grape, it is not necessary. Many are afraid to trim and shape the bush, do not want to understand the nuances of such processes.
Grapes - not a bush, not a tree. It is a vine with a special physiology. It can not consistently produce fruit on one vine. Important desire - the cultivation of the vine-substituent, with which you can harvest in the coming year.
Important!"Zama" in this year's crop itself is not loaded. They have different aspirations.
Very simple method of formation of the grape - chetyrohrukavny fan with low boles. It is easy to deduce and shelter, without fear of harm of the old wood. Remember that everything that grew on a bush thinner pencil and less than one meter in length, and will not survive the winter will be cut off.
fertilizers. It must be timely.
Simple rules.
In the spring, to enhance growth, give nitrogen. In the summer - phosphorus.
Towards the autumn period will in the course of potassium. Use manure and ashes. The ash is an excellent fertilizer that contains potassium, phosphorus, and potassium for grapes - very important goodies. May be added in the irrigation solution tube for planting pit, between the bushes, the dry method at digging in the aisles etc.
watering grapes
Here are the main rules:
- necessary recharge irrigation after vines disclosure in spring and in autumn before shelter period;
- be sure to watering after flowering;
- watering is implemented in the time and a few days after planting
Not recommended:
- Do not water during the culture of the bloom itself. Inflorescence fall off, you'll lose the crop. Water the grapes at the time of order as it blooms only in exceptional cases (in dry conditions) in small portions and warm waters.
- Watering is prohibited at the time when the grapes are poured. Excess moisture will lead to the fact that the berries are cracked, lose form.
Choose the method of irrigation themselves, proceed from their aspirations. Stunning results show drip irrigation system, which ensures optimum supply of grape root system with moisture, increase productivity and save money.
Shelter grapes. It is better to nestle. An excellent result demonstrated grapes dry shelter according to the method of tunnels that can be built using wire arcs. Insulation can serve as spruce branches, leaves, straw, reeds. Waterproofing serve as a roofing material, the film is not transparent, fiberglass, polyethylene, white.
Tunneling method is less time consuming than cover the earth, and give more guarantees to preserve the kidneys.
Important!We recommend to combine the processes of fertilization, irrigation and processing of grapes. Your bushes will respond positively to a similar set of measures, which you spend in the short term.
Follow our recommendations for the care of the vineyard, and you will be able to "enjoy" features varieties, provide him protection from frost and diseases, save your bushes thirty or forty years, without losing quality harvest. Our article, hopefully, will be able to save you from the collection of particles of knowledge of grape bushes.
We wish you a pleasant experience to find a common language with this culture!
This and many other materials can be found on our website.
Please put the Huskies and subscribe to the channel "About Fazenda". This will enable us to publish more interesting garden articles.
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