Each of us in varying degrees, confronted with the purchase of property and is given the choice of issues that considered: zhil.fond existing or new building !?
In this article, I'll take it that is deducted from the recognized norms and personal communication with leading designers, architects and engineers, developers of large firms, as well as directly with the foremen to site development.
The service life of residential buildings is determined by the regulations, that each type of construction is given a period of operation of between 75 and 150 years old:
- panel and block houses - 75 years;
- brick homes - 100 years;
- monolithic reinforced concrete homes - 150 years.
rapid construction
Monolith - a complex structure, one of the strongest in the construction industry. It consists of concrete and cement-based metal bars of different sections. Just the life of the material and defines the terms of operation of monolithic apartment buildings.
This technology, without losing quality, allows you to work on the embedment - separate sites, despite the fact that reinforcement steel rods remain one piece.
Concrete properties allow to fully load the structure within 28 days, and the use of special additives and at all after two weeks, and therefore the construction of monolithic house - the process is not a long and largely rests on the construction of the reinforcing cage and installation of the formwork to give some form of hardened concrete composition.
Production streamlined operation such that after a certain portion of a monolithic structure, Working 2-3 days can already navigate through it and perform the installation of the formwork and reinforcement cage superior training floors. And so on up to the top floor... Thereby hardening concrete deadlines are met and the time is not lost!
The base of the building
The foundation - a foundation of the building, as the basis for the foundation - a continental soil, but with such a foundation, everything is much more complicated.
To the building is not cracked, it is necessary to correctly determine the bearing capacity of the soil, for which samples are taken from the depth of the rocks and the examination is being conducted. This step is very important for the developer, since the error in determining the bearing capacity of soil subsequently threatened the collapse of the entire building.
For example, if at the end of the examination assesses the bearing capacity of 1 kg / cm., But actually the fact is 0.95 kg / cm., Is based on the total area of the building bearing 15m. x 15m. Ground obtain the error of 110 000 kg. (110 tons.). I agree that this is a great value!
As for the workers themselves, the personal experience concludes:
Yes, there are many non-professional workers, such as novice builders, students, worker (50/50), but above them is quite a professional foreman. And if something happens to the monolithic structure during the operation, the whole chain comes under the Criminal Code.
In our society it is widely believed that the builders of the bottle (relatively speaking) can hurry up and reinforcement, and masonry mixture, and something else... I will say this, if you can, it will either trimming reinforcement or balances some building material on which the design engineer makes the calculation with a safety factor. No one will risk the supporting structure for the "bottle", so even with the severe consequences!
Of course, there are situations when all the requirements are met, and the house has cracked.
It is no secret that there are many tunnels and passages under the ground, left over from our ancestors, respectively, and the emptiness of the base for supporting the houses takes place. collapse under the base may occur in these cases.
I was able to see how the building is cracked due to the foundation of instability, due to the fact that several scored just piles were driven into the very ancient passages, and had no bearing on the ground, and void! But this is a special case, one in a million ...
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