Apple autumn vaccination can be safely produce before the frost-resistant. Of course, in contrast to the spring or summer, autumn vaccination is carried a bit more complicated, but it has its advantages:
- excellent survival young seedlings in the new location. If they have been vaccinated in the autumn of way "in splitting", then rest assured - they are easy to outsource spring transplant.
- saving of time. If it happened that you were not able to be vaccinated in the spring or summer, you can do it in the fall. And you will not have to wait a whole year.
When and how to instill apple
Inoculated apple trees, using budding method (or bark) can be carried out up to the middle of September.
If you want your scion engrafted with a probability of 90%, watch the weather forecasts. Vaccination is necessary to make three weeks before the onset of stable temperature 10-15C.
The whole of October, you can vaccinate young plants, using a method of "splitting into" or "in a semi-splitting."
Since mid-October, the trees begin to prepare for the winter sleep, actively dropping leaves. Sap flow at this time almost stopped. Therefore, in October, not worth the risk and vaccinate adult apple. The likelihood that the graft did not have time to take root before the frost, too much.
Autumn grafting apple trees by budding
inoculation method It is one of the most popular ways of grafting apple trees. He has another name - "inoculation". and this method has several advantages:
- No need for large amounts of material (cuttings).
- No need to pre-harvested cuttings.
Important. If you plan to pereprivit several different varieties of apple trees, the first thing you need to okulirovat early (summer) varieties. And only then proceed to the inoculation of autumn and winter.
In order to fall under the bark of rootstock grafting to separate easily, you need a couple of weeks before the start of his budding abundantly watered. Such watering is required in order to improve the sap flow.
Step 1. preparation of the rootstock
First of all, define the place on a stock suitable for budding. To do this, select the trunk section with smooth bark. At this point, there should be no knots and irregularities, as well as any swelling or blistering.
- If you are doing vaccinated Seedstock, its position should be located at a distance of 6-7 cm from the soil surface.
- If you use a clonalrootstock, the distance from the soil surface should be 10-15 cm.
- Place of vaccination must be located below the bending space.
Once you have identified the site of implantation, it is necessary to clean it from dirt and dust. Then you can begin the incision. It should have a T-shaped:
- Initially it made a cross-section of the cortex, and a half centimeters long.
- Outlining the center to make the cut, you need to pull back below 3 cm and make a longitudinal section of the bottom up.
- Bringing the tool to the cross section of the center, you need to gently turn the tool tip to the side, gently separating the bark from the wood.
- Then, the bark is removed carefully with a knife along the longitudinal cut.
Step 2. preparation of the scion
It is worth noting that the success of budding also depends on the quality of harvested cuttings. For graft used annual lignified shoots of "dormant buds."
dormant buds - is the kidney, which appeared in the summer. In their growth they are touched with the onset of spring.
- Since the graft must be cut plate (cortical portion with the kidney). For this:
- You need to step back from the bottom of the kidney is not less than 1.5 cm and a sharp knife to make an incision underneath the cross.
- On top of the kidneys must also retreat 1.5 cm and carefully planned cut in one motion section with the kidney.
Step 3. Graft
- Broken plate (okulyant) is inserted into the center of T-shaped incision. Take care to plant located eye upward.
- Then you need to press the edge of the flap folded bark.
- Place of vaccination is necessary to wrap or polyethylene tape.
Be careful in doing so, to ensure that the shield is not shifted from the center, and she kidney remained open. Its winding is not necessary.
After two - three weeks, check to see if the graft has taken root. if it withered or rotten, so he was killed. In this case, it must be sure to remove and clean up the site of inoculation and paint over garden pitch.
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