For the construction of an economy bath, it is important to choose an inexpensive and high-quality material. Possible options include:
- building brick;
- spruce or pine timber;
- edged board;
- OSB-3;
- gas silicate block.
The process of building a bath is presented below.
Markup
Construction begins with the choice of a place where the bathhouse will be built. For marking you need four stakes and a plumb line:
- the first stake is driven vertically into the soil;
- the length of the wall is measured from the stake, at the end of which the second stake is driven;
- stakes are tied with a cord;
- in a similar pattern, the 3rd and 4th stakes are inserted;
- diagonals are checked against each other;
- with the help of a cord, the areas along which the interior partitions pass are marked.
When the marking is completed, the top layer of the earth is removed with a shovel. The bottom of the base is leveled and compacted.
Foundation
For laying the foundation, concrete blocks or ordinary bricks are suitable.
- a drill digs holes for blocks / bricks with a depth of 0.5 meters;
- the bottom of the holes is compacted. Sand and gravel are poured into it. Concrete is poured over the rubble;
- a steel bar is inserted into the center of the holes;
- bricks / blocks are laid around the rod - 2 pieces in a row;
- the pillars rise 30 cm above the soil;
- using a rope and a bubble level, check the horizontalness of the base.
Frame
A beam of 100 * 100 or 150 * 150 cm is used as a frame.
- the thread is cut on the reinforcing rods protruding from the corner posts;
- holes are made at the ends of the bar for all pins;
- the ends of the beams are cut out;
- the bars are put on the pins, from above the structure is tightened with nuts;
- with perforated fasteners, vertical beams are attached to the lower harness;
- horizontal lintels (50 * 50) are fastened with self-tapping screws between vertical beams;
- corner posts are fixed with jibs (50 * 100);
- for the upper strapping, a 50 mm board is taken and attached to the ends of the vertical beams.
Floor
To install a non-leaking floor, you need to use perforated corners and self-tapping screws.
- boards 50 * 100 cm are placed between the bars of the lower strapping (the gap between the lags is ~ 40 cm);
- logs are covered from above with wooden boards. A vapor barrier film is placed under the sub-floor;
- logs are fixed above the rough floor, which are surrounded by expanded clay or sawdust. A waterproofing film is laid on top of the new layer;
- from moisture-resistant plywood (or ordinary boards), a finishing floor is assembled.
Roof
The installation of the roof is preceded by the installation of the ceiling. For this operation, you will need the same boards and fasteners as for installing floor logs. For economy saunas, gable versions are suitable - they allow you to use the space under the roof as a warehouse.
The single-slope version is characterized by ease of assembly and economy of materials, but it looks less aesthetically pleasing.
Finishing outside and inside
Styrofoam is suitable for warming the bath outside - it will give the building rigidity and keep it warm. Pieces of foam are cut to fit the distance between the frame posts.
For outer cladding, OSB-3 sheets are used - they are easy to paint. Siding or unedged board is considered as an alternative.
To insulate the bath, 2 * 5 cm slats and mineral wool slabs are taken from the inside, which are placed between them. A polypropylene cord is put on top of the mineral wool.
For internal cladding, lining or aspen is used. In the dressing room, PVC panels or moisture-resistant drywall are allowed.
Ventilation
An opening for air circulation is left near the heater - closer to the floor. Installation of a ventilation valve is done at the same time as wall insulation. The air flow should target the heating elements of the stove.
The exhaust outlet is closer to the ceiling. The hood is equipped with a damper. The air is discharged to the roof through a ventilation pipe. The pipe head is protected from insects with a mesh.
Small windows are used for natural ventilation. They are located at a height of 185 cm from floor level. When ventilating, it is necessary to open all windows and doors of adjacent rooms.