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Today, flooring on the ground is one of the common solutions for organizing floors in houses that are built without basements.
Floor on the ground is a screed on a compacted base: sand, screening or fine crushed stone. These bulk materials are backfill materials after production work on the construction of the foundation and after the excavation of fertile soil layers.
If you have come across such a floor, then you probably wondered what to support the partitions on?
If the partition is made on the basis of a wooden frame or GKL metal profile, then there are no problems, but what if it is made of a brick or block?
In fact, if you look at the partition from the point of view of construction, then it is a beam with a very large section, and since the height is several tens of times greater than the width of such a beam, this design has a very good rigidity.
Supporting such a structure on the floor on the ground - structurally, this unit is a beam on an elastic foundation (illustration above).
And, if the technology of soil compaction under the screed is followed, then you can be sure that our base will withstand partition, since the main condition for the technology of floors on the ground is compliance with the compaction rules grounds.
But, for safety reasons, a number of measures are taken to prevent deflection and ensure the correct operation of the support unit in the tensile zone of the beam.
Therefore, the first way:
installation of a partition for two reinforcing bars
Waterproofing is laid on the screed, then two reinforcement rods are laid and the wall material is placed on top of the masonry mortar.
This design will completely provide a reliable support unit and is universal, since during the construction process we can move away from the project and "move" the partitions already in place.
Recommendation: If a doorway is planned in the partition, then the reinforcement in the tension zone cannot be torn apart, and therefore, a threshold 3-4 cm high is formed.
In order to avoid the formation of an unnecessary threshold, if it is not hidden during further finishing, there is a second method.
Method two: reinforced tape
This method no longer implies moving the partitions after the floors have been completed on the ground, because the base is laid during the concreting of the screed.
As a rule, the concreting of a monolithic tape is made in advance in those places where partitions are provided for by the project. The tape can be made separately from the screed (option. a), and is flooded simultaneously with the floor screed (var. b).
The minimum number of working reinforcement rods is 2 pieces, with a diameter of at least 8 mm. Class A-1 (smooth rod) is quite suitable.
Due to the sufficient stiffness of the partition, there is no rod slippage inside the concrete.
Third way: leaning on the foundation
This method insures the owner and is used where there is no confidence in a reliable base for the floor on the ground.
Reinforced concrete beams are embedded in the upper monolithic belt of the strip foundation or in the grillage, which will serve as a supporting part for the partitions.
At the intersection of the walls, shallow columns are arranged. If the partition is more than 3-4 m, intermediate columns are arranged. The scheme is as follows:
The arrows indicate the places where the working reinforcement of the belt along the foundation should be connected together with the bars of the support beam for the partition.
That's all. I hope the article was useful for you. Good luck with your construction!
Thanks for attention!
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