Good afternoon, dear guests and subscribers of the "Build for Myself" channel!
It is no secret that any building material has its own service life, so houses are inevitably subject to the aging process. Sooner or later, the owner of the house is faced with the need to reconstruct or strengthen any supporting elements of the house, including the foundation.
I do not argue that the technology of restoring the foundation is not an easy task and requires costs, but they can be minimized.
Not everyone has extra money, and in this article I will tell you how without involving construction crews and using lifting systems (jacks), you can make a new foundation for the old houses.
Of course, before starting work, it is important to make a comprehensive assessment of the foundation of the house and if it is a wooden house, then at the initial stage you need to understand how many crowns from the bottom will have to be replaced or removed forever and ever.
On the issue of stone houses, I have previously published material. If you are interested, it is available here: How to strengthen or restore a strip foundation? Practical methods.
Having studied the question of the foundation of the house, you can get involved in the work and the first step is to excavate the soil around the entire perimeter of the house and install temporary supports.
Depending on the degree of deterioration of the structure, excavation is carried out either alternately under each wall, or in a gentle way - by grabbing without lifting the structure.
Captures
Capture is an area equal to ~ 1 meter. Captures are applied to the working sketch and determine the scope of work with the further organization of working time.
The entire perimeter of the building is transferred to paper and the number of captures is determined:
In order to avoid a negative impact on the house from digging at the base, the most rational solution is to organize work every 3 meters. In the picture above, I have outlined the scheme of work by sections, where the first thing to do is to work on all seizures No. 1, then No. 2, etc.
At each site, soil is selected with a depth of 30-40 cm. and a support is organized under the lower crown of the house and under the support bars.
Having installed supports around the entire perimeter of the house, rotten logs are removed and replaced with new ones as needed:
- Cut out a part of the rotten log between the supports.
- We install the support in the resulting cut under the second crown from the bottom.
- Etc. we remove in parts, until we remove the entire bottom row.
Since the whole process is stretched out in time, the work is necessarily accompanied by the organization of a shelter from precipitation. The tent is pulled at an angle from the walls of the house to the ground.
Further, under a wooden house, one of the rational solutions would be to install a strip or columnar foundation with a monolithic grillage. Both structures are performed according to the same algorithm and, as an example, we will consider the less labor-intensive of the two options - columnar foundation.
Excavation of soil for the post is carried out in each corner of the building, along the logs along the perimeter and under each support bar at a distance of no more than 2 meters from each other. While the house is on temporary supports, future pillars are reinforced and poured with concrete (It is imperative to withstand a protective concrete layer of 50-70 mm.):
Further, it takes 4-7 days for the mixture to harden, after which formwork is installed around each pillar and concreted above ground level.
It is imperative to perform waterproofing at the point of contact between concrete and wood, fixing 2 layers of roofing material on the log (you can use a construction stapler). As a result, the following construction is obtained:
The concreting of the pillar is carried out in two stages only to facilitate labor and convenience in working with reinforcing frames, since when concreting above ground level, it is necessary to release the working reinforcement for connection with the frame grillage.
As a result, we get a structure standing on reinforced concrete pillars. Next, there is the construction of the grillage for which it is necessary:
- tie the reinforcement cage;
- expose the formwork;
- pour concrete with the obligatory vibration of the mixture.
One of the main activities is the organization of the air supply.
Important!
The cross-section of each duct must be at least 0.05 sq. M. (hole diameter 250 mm. or a rectangle 200mm. * 250mm.) and a total cross-section of not less than 1/400 of the underground area, which is what one of my articles is devoted to: The air is not 4 trimming the sewer pipe, but holes with a section of 1/400 of the underground area
You can fill the foundation not only for the old house, but also think over the size of the extension in advance in order to combine both buildings under one foundation:
From the author
Often, foundation restoration work is accompanied by the use of self-expanding cement (alumina cement). This is done so that the concrete of the grillage and pillars picks up the structure from below and does not sit down, forming a gap between the reinforced concrete structure and the house.
Of course, here you need to understand the further purpose of the house. If this is a shed, then undoubtedly, this type of cement will not justify the cost of the construction, since alumina cement is 4 times more expensive than ordinary Portland cement. But, if this is a residential building, then by overpaying 10,000 - 15,000 rubles, in return you will receive a reliable unit over the entire area of the building's support on a reinforced concrete structure.
I hope this article was useful to you!
Thanks for attention!
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