Domestic electrodes with a basic coating SONI 13/55 are classics in welding. They were invented in the USSR in the middle of the last century. The seams from this brand have excellent technical characteristics. They are used in production. It's not easy to cook Uonyami, you need experience and qualifications.
Therefore, novice garage welders try to cook with them, nothing happens, and they no longer take these electrodes. It's just that when welding, these electrodes require you to constantly keep a short arc, otherwise they will often go out. I will show you the welding technique so that beginners no longer have these problems and then these electrodes will forever settle in your garage!
The UONI 1355 electrodes are designed for welding without separation, lit and drove to cook the entire seam to the end. Therefore, it will not be easy to weld a profile pipe thinner than 3 mm. Uoni are sharpened for welding thicker metal. When welding, the slag does not cause problems, it goes in a wave at the far edge of the weld pool. The weld pool is clearly visible.
These electrodes are cooked with direct current of reverse polarity, which means. We connect the holder with the electrode to the plus of the welding machine. We connect the mass clamp to the minus of the welding machine.
The tip of the new electrode is filled with graphite coating, so the first ignition will be without problems. But the arc can go out, at the tip such a visor forms over the metal rod of the electrode.
This visor will interfere with easy re-ignition. Therefore, you just need to break it off with your finger in a mitten or knock on some non-massaged object. Grinder discs are perfect, you can put it next to the welding place.
We light the electrode by striking, as we light a match. It is undesirable to do ignition by tapping the electrode, this increases the possibility of sticking. It is possible, but not desirable!
SSSI are also capricious to the purity of the metal. The surface where the seam will lie must be well cleaned from rust and other contaminants. Yes, all basic coated electrodes require a clean metal surface for normal welding.
We strike the electrode, the arc ignites and we try to heat up the metal in a short arc so that a weld pool-swamp of molten metal is formed, which is clearly visible. Then we begin to walk backward with such crescent movements. Now I will show you the main trick of how to keep a short arc at all times.
When we move with a crescent angle backward, in the middle of the seam we make a touch of the electrode with the metal to be welded. Moving to the sides, we slightly lengthen the arc. And so throughout the seam.
Another trick is the well-defined weld pool. The contours of the borders are clearly visible. The contact with the coating of the electrode with the metal should be tried to be done precisely in this border of the bath and while the metal is not welded. Observing these movements, we will walk with an electrode like a robot. Consistently short arc and welding speed. The seam itself should be tight and beautiful.
We are finished with the theory, let's cook this blank here. These are the shelves from the channel, grabbed them with a gap, cleaned the surface for the seam. UONI 1355 electrode, diameter 3 mm, welding current approximately 100 amperes.
We shoot the welding process itself through a dark filter. Let's see what stitches we got.
We beat off the slag, but you do not need to do it right away, we will wait until it cools down. These are the seams obtained when welding with UONI 1355 electrodes. The dense flakes make the seam look pretty. Plus, the metal of this seam itself has excellent technical characteristics.
When welding in this way, this problem almost does not arise - the welding arc suddenly extinguishes, the arc burns evenly and stably. It is perfectly visible how the seam is formed. Friends, this article has a detailed video with the welding process itself. The video will be released on the channel tomorrow, November 13th.