Plum pests have a detrimental effect on the tree, affecting shoots, leaves, buds and fruits. As a result of such a negative impact, the plant culture weakens and cannot develop normally, and its yield decreases sharply. It is important to know how to properly deal with dangerous pests in order to protect the tree and preserve the harvest as much as possible.
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How to effectively control insects
A common plum pest is the sawfly. It affects the plant during flowering and bud formation. An adult insect lays eggs in the middle of the ovary, and 1 larva can damage several buds or fruits, which leads to large yield losses (up to 90%).
In case of damage by a sawfly, the plant is sprayed with pesticides:
- Alatar;
- Fufanon-Nova.
Great harm to the plant is caused by the plum moth. The caterpillar of this insect hibernates under the bark. The insect feeds on the soft tissues of the fruit and lays eggs in them. With mass development, the moth can destroy the entire crop.
Harmless drugs are used against caterpillars:
- Bitoxibacillin;
- Lepidocide.
The trees are sprayed in late spring - early summer. In the future, 2 more treatments are carried out with a break of 7 days.
Wormwood broth also helps from the pest: 1 kg of fresh grass is brewed with 5 liters of boiling water and kept on low heat for about 1 hour. The composition is additionally infused for 1 day and used for processing plums during the period of ovary growth, making intervals between treatments in 4-5 days.
Young tree branches are often attacked by aphids. Its appearance and distribution begins after flowering. The insect multiplies rapidly and covers all leaves and stems. This leads to deformation and twisting of the upper branches, their curvature and growth retardation. The plant culture cannot fully bear fruit, and sometimes dies.
You can fight aphids without strong pesticides. Biological agents give a good effect:
- Fitoverm;
- Spark Bio.
Trees are abundantly sprayed with these preparations, and, if necessary, re-treatment is carried out.
In the fight against the pest, tobacco broth also helps. 0.5 kg of ground raw materials are brewed with 1 liter of boiling water and kept on low heat for 30 minutes. Then add 5 liters of water to the resulting composition and incubate for about 1 week. The strained solution is used for spraying. Before processing, the concentrate is additionally diluted with water in a 1: 2 ratio.
Among the most dangerous pests of plums are gall and fruit mites. Adult insects suck sap from the leaves and shoots of the plant throughout the season, causing the foliage to darken and dry out. Plum grows and develops poorly, its yield decreases.
The following drugs are effective against the tick:
- Akarin;
- Spark Bio;
- Fitoverm.
A solution of garlic helps a lot. Green stems and bulbs are thoroughly chopped and filled with hot water (5 l). The agent is kept for 24 hours, and then used to treat the plant.
In the fight against the gall plum mite, the “30 Plus” agent is used, which is used to process plums in early spring, when the tree is still asleep.
Preventive seasonal activities
Not only chemical and biological preparations, but also a number of seasonal works help to effectively combat plum pests.
Among such events:
- Collection and destruction of fallen damaged fruits.
- Regular shaking off insects on bedding by hand.
- Using odorless baits in liquid form. A fermented drink (kvass, compote, beer) is poured into cans and the containers are hung on a tree. Attracted by the smell, pests drown in the liquid.
- Treatment with toxic smoke, which adversely affects dangerous insects. To prepare the composition, which should smolder for 2-3 hours at night, use the tops of potatoes, tomatoes, wormwood.
- Attracting insects-entomophages to the garden plot, destroying pests. For this, honey plants (buckwheat, clover, phacelia) are sown in the garden, which are attractive to beneficial insects.
In the autumn period, before the onset of cold weather, it is recommended to carefully dig up the soil under the drain so that the larvae of the pests are on the surface of the earth and die from frost.
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