Planting various crops before winter is a popular technique in gardening. The most popular plants for autumn planting are winter onions. It provides summer residents with an early harvest and is highly resistant to diseases.
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General information and description of varieties
To start growing winter onions, you need to choose the right variety. Breeders have developed numerous hybrids that are able to withstand severe frost and develop normally with short daylight hours.
Shakespeare can withstand temperatures as low as -18 ° C and is therefore suitable for autumn planting. In addition, these bulbs do not need complex maintenance and mature in 70-80 days. The bulb has a rounded shape, white pulp and brown cover scales.
Hybrids "Radar" and "Ellan" have become popular due to their good germination, high rates of development and taste. Ellan onions ripen in June, when spring plants are just developing in the soil, and last year's harvest has already been exhausted. The average weight of these two varieties is 150 to 300 g.
The following winter varieties are no less popular:
- "Sturon".
- "Baron".
- "Centurion".
The time interval between seed germination and harvest is 2.5 months. At the same time, Sturon bulbs can be stored for at least 8 months. Ripening of the "Stuttgarter Riesen" variety takes 2 months, the weight of the fruits is from 150 to 200 g.
In addition to early ripening, winter onions are characterized by their large size and less vulnerability to parasites and diseases.
Features of planting and care
To get a winter sowing, it is necessary to sow onion seeds after the snow melts in early spring. The seed is covered with a layer of soil, added dropwise and mulched with humus and compost. Seedlings are watered abundantly. Further watering is carried out as the soil dries up. After each application of water, the bed must be weeded out and loosened. It is not necessary to use fertilizers for winter onions.
Yellowing and lodging of the leaves is a key sign that the bulbs are ripe. At this time, gardeners harvest and dry it for several days in the garden. When the bulbs are dry, the husks can be quickly removed by hand.
For planting before winter, small sets are used. This is due to the following features:
- Small specimens do not form arrows, so they are not afraid of spring frosts and negative temperatures.
- During the winter and spring seasons, the bulbs accumulate a lot of nutrients, so in early spring they actively gain green mass, and in the middle of summer they form a harvest.
- The beds after harvesting winter onions can be used for planting other crops.
Sowing should be completed 25-35 days before the soil freezes and the onset of persistent cold weather. Depending on the regional characteristics, the landing dates may vary. It is important to follow the weather forecast and, if the temperature drops to + 5 ° C, start landing.
Seat selection
Winter onions can be grown in one bed for up to 2 years, after which the planting site must be changed for 4-5 years. A light substrate, humus loam or humus with sand is used as a soil mixture. The greatest yields are harvested on silt deposits with well-heated soil.
It is impossible to fertilize winter onions with fresh manure, as this will lead to an intensive gain of green mass and the appearance of loose bulbs. It is better to use humus or compost as a top dressing.
The bed for winter onions should be dry and ventilated, because stagnation of moisture leads to rotting crops.
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